A Study of Isolation and Identification of Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Wound Specimen

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a clinically important pathogenic microbe in hospitalized patients. It is a major cause of mortality and morbidity having a number of mechanisms that make it antibiotic resistant. Considering the dearth of antimicrobial drugs to treat infection with this pathogen, it has become a necessity to open up new arena for treatment with this organism. Recently, there has been an up rise in the number of multidrug resistant pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
 Objective: Isolation and identification of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from wound specimens and to evaluate the antibiotic resistant strains of this microbe.
 Methodology: One hundred and fifty clinical samples of wound were taken from hospitalized patients at Jinnah hospital Lahore during the period of October 2019 to April 2020. In total, twenty (20) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified using the cultural features, morphological characteristics and various biochemical tests plus the Vitek 2 system. Blue/green, brown /blue and yellow/green pigment production showed the presence and growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
 Results: Percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in females came out to be 15% as compared to 11.42% in males. This was followed by testing susceptibility of isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to various antimicrobial drugs. Piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem showed the highest efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highest resistance was exhibited against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole which was 75%.
 Conclusion: Most isolates showed multidrug resistance to four or more drugs. Development of multidrug resistance has emerged as a global problem with pathogens commonly causing infections becoming increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents.

Extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: clinical features and treatment with ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam in a tertiary care university hospital center in Portugal – A cross-sectional and retrospective observational study

“…In P. aeruginosa, resistance mechanisms such as decreased permeability, expression of efflux pumps, target modifications and production of inactivating enzymes have all been described (Mesaros et al, 2007). In particular, production of extendedspectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases have been described, including metallo-beta-lactamases (Mesaros et al, 2007;Sacha et al, 2008;Ríos et al, 2018;Muddassir et al, 2021). Since these enzymes use zinc, which seems to be a valuable cofactor to hydrolyze beta-lactams, instead of serine in their active sites, they confer resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics except aztreonam, while not being degraded by currently available beta-lactamase inhibitors (Sacha et al, 2008;Behzadi et al, 2020).…”

Biofilm Formation, Pyocyanin Production, and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Wounds

“…The prevalence of P. aeruginosa in the wounds of patients at the Dschang District Hospital is 26.1%. P. aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens in chronic wounds, and its ability to form resistant biofilms and several virulence factors that allow the establishment in host tissue, including pyocyanin has been documented [ 29 ]. This result corroborates the work done by Raizman et al, who reported the presence of P. aeruginosa in an infected wound [ 4 ].…”