A study of personality in literary autobiography: An analysis of Thomas Wolfe's Look Homeward, Angel..

Rosenberg, Seymour

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.56.3.416

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This algorithm is a three-way extension of the hierarchical classes analysis (HICLAS) algorithm, developed by De Boeck and Rosenberg (1988) to fit the HICLAS model to two-way, two-mode (e.g., person by situation) binary data. The HICLAS model and algorithm have appeared to be very useful in a variety of substantive applications (see, e.g., De Boeck & Van Mechelen, 1990;Ogilvie & Ashmore, 1991;Reid & Deaux, 1996;Rosenberg, 1989); for overviews of the hierarchical classes approach, see De Boeck, Rosenberg, and Van Mechelen ( 1993 ) and Rosenberg, Van Mechelen, and De Boeck (1996).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in situation–behavior profiles: A triple typology model.

Vansteelandt¹,

Mechelen²

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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A model is proposed to represent individual differences in situation-behavior profiles. The model consists of 3 components: (a) q'ypologies of person, situation, and behavior classes; (b) hierarchical relations between the classes of each typology; and (c) a characterization of the person types in terms of different sets of if (situation class) then (behavior class) rules by which the 3 typologies are linked to one another. A data analysis technique (INDCLAS) is available to induce a triple typology model from empirical data. To reveal the psychological mechanisms behind such a model, the classes of the model can be related to situation, behavior, and person features. As a result, person types can be interpreted in terms of systems of cognitive-affective variables that mediate between active situation features and behavioral manifestations. This is illustrated with a study on selfreported hostile behavior in frustrating situations.According to Bem( 1983 ), the fundamental scientific task for personality research is to convert observations of particular persons behaving in particular ways in particular situations into assertions that certain kinds of persons will behave in certain kinds of ways in certain kinds of situations, that is, to construct triple typologies or equivalence classes--of persons, of behaviors, and of situations--and to fashion theories of personality that relate these equivalence classes to one another. (p. 566) Several authors other than Bern have underscored the importance of studying personality in terms of meaningful patterns of stability and change in well-defined groups of behaviors in relation to well-defined groups of situations (Allport, 1937;Claeys, Timmers, & Phalet, 1993;Golding, 1975;Mischel & Shoda, 1995;Olweus, 1976;Pervin, 1976;Shoda, Mischel, & Wright, 1993Wright & Mischel, 1987). In particular, Wright and Mischel, building on earlier work of Alston (1975), proposed a conditional approach to the study of personality, in which the fundamental unit of observation is not the unconditional probability of behavior but rather the conditional probability of a certain type of behavior given types of situations or psychological conditions. Within this context, differences between (classes of) persons may be conceived as differences in if (situation class) then (behavior class) rules. Wright and Mischel further assumed that the situation category as well as the behavior Kristof Vansteelandt and Iven Van Mechelen, Department of Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.The research reported in this article was supported by North Atlantic Treaty Organization Grant CRG921321. We thank Seymour Rosenberg for his helpful comments on an earlier version of this article.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Kristof Vansteelandt, Department of Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic mail may be sent to kristof.vansteelandt @psy.kuleuven.ac.be. category are prototype-based categories with vague boun...

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in situation–behavior profiles: A triple typology model.

Vansteelandt¹,

Mechelen²

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…Hierarchical classes models have proved their usefulness in a variety of research domains (e.g., De Boeck & Van Mechelen, 1990;Reid & Deaux, 1996;S. Rosenberg, 1989), including contextualised personality psychology (Vansteelandt & Van Mechelen, 1998, 2006).…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in patterns of appraisal and anger experience

Kuppens

Mechelen

Smits

et al. 2007

Cognition & Emotion

175

103

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The aim of the present study was to identify and account for individual differences in the contextual experience of anger and its appraisals and in the associations between both. Participants (N 0/832) engaged in a directed imagery task of descriptions of unpleasant situations and reported on their appraisal and anger experience. Additionally, they filled out several dispositional questionnaires. The results demonstrated that at the basis of the experience of anger lies an externally induced disadvantage, which for many people elicits frustration. For some individuals, the latter is sufficient for becoming angered. Yet, for others, the thwarting has to be characterised by norm violation and has to be appraised as unfair and deliberate in order for them to experience anger. Individuals also differed as to whether threat to self-esteem was experienced along with frustration in situations that involved negative evaluative self-relevant information. Combined, the findings demonstrated that anger can occur in combination with different patterns of appraisals, varying as a function of situation and person characteristics.

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“…Even though most psychological studies of famous persons have emerged from the historiometric, psychometric, psychobiographical, and comparative traditions, hybrid approaches occasionally appear that seem superficially distinct. One example is single-case historiometry, which examines the life or career of just one historic figure using quantitative methods (e.g., Rosenberg, 1989;Rosenberg & Jones, 1972). Yet this technical feat is invariably accomplished by slicing the individual's life into smaller units, sach as consecutive periods of adulthood (e.g., Simonton, 1977a;Weisberg, 1994) or separate acts of achievement (e.g., Simonton, 1989a).…”

Section: Four Research Traditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant samples: The psychological study of eminent individuals.

Simonton

1999

Psychological Methods

134

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Psychologists occasionally study eminent individuals, such as Nobel laureates, U.S. presidents, Olympic athletes, chess grandmasters, movie stars, and even distinguished psychologists. Studies using such significant samples may be differentiated along 7 distinct dimensions: qualitative versus quantitative, single versus multiple case, nomothetic versus idiographic, confirmatory versus exploratory, crosssectional versus longitudinal, micro versus macro analytical units, and direct versus indirect assessments. However, the vast majority of psychological inquiries may be clustered into just 4 types: historiometric, psychometric, psychobiographical, and comparative. After presenting the intrinsic and extrinsic justifications for studying famous persons, the main methodological issues concerning sampling, measurement, and analysis are discussed. The future prospects of significant samples in psychological research are then briefly examined.Empirical journal articles in psychology almost invariably commence their methods section with a subsection in which the researchers define the "subjects" or "participants" of the study (American Psychological Association, 1994). This sample specification comes first because all subsequent procedures and analytical strategies are usually contingent on that choice. An experimental manipulation or psychometric instrument that is indubitably appropriate for one sample might be manifestly inappropriate for another (e.g., whether to use an intelligence test designed for children or adults). In psychology, this sample description is especially critical. Few sciences feature the same diversity of entities that might serve as subjects in psychological research: human beings of every age, gender, ethnicity, occupation, and capacity; animals ranging from mammals, birds, and fish to insects, mollusks, and worms. Yet as diverse as these various subject pools may be, they all seem to have one thing in common: The individuals that compose This article is based on a paper read at the Internationa!

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A study of personality in literary autobiography: An analysis of Thomas Wolfe's Look Homeward, Angel..

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Individual differences in situation–behavior profiles: A triple typology model.

Individual differences in situation–behavior profiles: A triple typology model.

Individual differences in patterns of appraisal and anger experience

Significant samples: The psychological study of eminent individuals.

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