A study of polyphenols in the seeds and leaves of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub)

Abstract

Gallotannins, gallic acid, gallic acid derivatives, myricetin-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, kaempferoI-3-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ellagic acid were derived from guar seeds and identified by chromatographic and spectral analysis. Myricetin-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-3-rut inoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, texasin-7-O-glucoside, daidzein-7-O-glucoside, chlorogenic acid and p-coumaryl quinic acid were found in guar leaves. The polyphenolic content of guar seeds depended on the stage of maturity varying from1.26 to0.69 % total phenols; 0.49to0.12% gallic acid; 0.5 to 0.21 % gallotannins; and 0.13 to 0.23 % flavonols (all as percentage dry matter). The polyphenolic content of guar leavesvaried from 0.74 to 1.24% total phenols; 0.18 to 0.84% flavonols; and 0.05 to 0.24% hydroxycinnamic acids in the dry matter of guar leaves.

Isolation, structural elucidation of flavonoid constituents fromLeptadenia pyrotechnicaand evaluation of their toxicity and antitumor activity

“…The fragment ion peak of the aglycone at m/z 285 is in accordance with the molecular formula C 16 H 13 O 5 of dihydroxy and one methoxy substitution pattern. The mass spectral data are in agreement with those reported for texasin 7-O-hexoside (Kaushal & Bhatia, 1982). Hence, the fragmentation pathway underwent the Retro-Diels Alder reaction giving rise to ring-A fragment at m/z 153 and m/z 132, and there were further fragments giving rise to m/z 124.…”

“…UV absorption spectrum in MeOH exhibited two characteristic absorption maxima of isoflavone at 326 nm (band-I, cinnamoyl system) and 258 nm (band-II, benzoyl system). Moreover, it gave the same absorbency in accordance with texasin 7-O-glucoside with different diagnostic shift reagents (Kaushal & Bhatia, 1982). The ESI-MS spectra exhibited a quasi molecular ion at m/z 448 and a fragment ion peak at 285 which were ascribed to [M+1] + and [M-162] + suggesting the presence of one glycosyl moiety (hexose).…”

INCLUSION OF GUAR KORMA MEAL (Cyamposisteragonoloba) IN GROWING RABBIT DIETS ON MEAT QUALITY AND SOME BLOOD CONSTITUENTS

“…Approximately 88% of the nitrogen content in guar korma meal is true protein that makes it potentially useful as an ingredient for feed (Lee et al, 2005). Nadeem et al, (2005) reported that amino acids availability ranged from 64 to 93% for residual guar korma meal, a highly viscous galactomannan polysaccharide, is probably the primary factor responsible for the reported ill effects (Verma and Mc-Nab 1982), although other antinutritional factors such as saponins (Curl et al, 1986) and polyphenols (Kaushal and Bhatia 1982) have been reported to cause liver, kidney, and intestinal damage in mice and rats (Diwan et al, 2000).…”

Cluster bean [cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.], an importantindustrial arid legume: A review

“…Viscosity of the guar gum powder varies with the particle size, and moisture. in seed: (i) crude protein -28.3 to 35.0%, (ii) ash content -3.5 to 6.0%, (iii) fat -1.8 to 5.2%, (iv) carbohydrate -38.8 to 59.1%, (v) crude fiber -4.1 to 8.0 and (vi) gum content --23.9 to 34.2% (Pathak et al, 2011 Kaushal and Bhatia (1982) reported the presence of several toxic compounds in cluster bean seeds including gallotannins, gallic acid/its derivatives, myricetin-7-glucoside-3, kaempferol-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ellagic acid. Variability in oil content [3.06 to 7.5%] was reported by Joshi et al, (1990 et al, 2000).…”