“…Fortunately, the angle of primary interest for blowdown noise applications and in the present study is 90-degrees, which is identically 90-degrees for both conventions. A number of strategies and devices have been proposed to help mitigate transonic jet noise, including the use of chevrons [18,19,21], bevels [15,17,23], fluidic inserts [14], corrugations and lobes [17,21,23], post nozzle fluid injection [5,6,10], tabs [15,20], the use of coflows [4,16,18], flexible filaments [2,7,13], post nozzle wires and meshes [12], flow swirling [1,24], nozzle plugs and porous nozzle inserts [11], and reflection surfaces [3,8,9]. Of these, for transonic jet speeds, the reflection surfaces have shown the capacity for the greatest noise reductions at observation angles of 90 degrees or greater, with Khan et al [8] achieving a best case OASPL reduction of approximately 24 dB.…”