A Study of Sewage Sludge Co-Combustion with Australian Black Coal and Shiitake Substrate

Chen, Guan Bang; Chatelier, Samuel; Lin, Hsien Tsung; Wu, Fang-Tzu; Lin, Ta Hui

doi:10.3390/en11123436

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The reduction of up to 15.7% CO and 26.5% NO has been observed by Hao et al [72] by controlling the operating temperature from 600-1000 • C in an horizontal tube furnace. Studies by Chen et al [58] where shiitake substrate and Australian black coal were blended with sewage sludge attained improvements in ignition and reductions in NOx and SOx emissions. Similar results were published by Batistella et al [61] who reduced CO, PAH and NOx by controlling and optimising dryer temperature, oxygen content, and reaction temperature in a multi-stage combustion unit.…”

Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such technologies are also known for reducing cost associated with supplementary fuel such that about 0.2-1 million dollars savings has been realised annually from operational plants [16]. Recent studies are mainly focussed on three fields: (i) improving combustion reactivity and completion by optimising reaction parameters, utilising catalysts and co-blending with other fuels such as coal, oil shale and biomass [57,58,[62][63][64][65][66][67]; (ii) utilisation of ash and fly ash generated from the process as fertilizer or cement [68][69][70]; and (iii) pollutants and toxic emission reduction for reducing CO, NOx, SOx and PAH emissions while preventing heavy metal emissions [58,61,70]. Recent works on sewage sludge combustions have been summarised in Table 3.…”

Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, high moisture is one of the precursors of incomplete combustion. The furnace operates at temperatures >850 • C for the complete oxidation of sludge which is done individually or blended with other solid fuels (coal or biomass) [57,58]. This process would require excess air for completion while auxiliary fuels and catalysts might be needed for initiation and maintaining reaction stability for operational efficiency.…”

Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

et al. 2018

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The increasing volume of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment facilities is becoming a prominent concern globally. The disposal of this sludge is particularly challenging and poses severe environmental hazards due to the high content of organic, toxic and heavy metal pollutants among its constituents. This study presents a simple review of four sewage to energy recovery routes (anaerobic digestion, combustion, pyrolysis and gasification) with emphasis on recent developments in research, as well as benefits and limitations of the technology for ensuring cost and environmentally viable sewage to energy pathway. This study focusses on the review of various commercially viable sludge conversion processes and technologies used for energy recovery from sewage sludge. This was done via in-depth process descriptions gathered from literatures and simplified schematic depiction of such energy recovery processes when utilised for sludge. Specifically, the impact of fuel properties and its effect on the recovery process were discussed to indicate the current challenges and recent scientific research undertaken to resolve these challenges and improve the operational, environmental and cost competitiveness of these technologies.

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Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

et al. 2018

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“…Particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 µm (PM 10 ) is a vital pollutant produced in the process of coal utilization. For meeting the increasingly stringent emission standards, the formation mechanism and control method of PM 10 during coal combustion have always been the focus of research [1][2][3][4]. In the target of the ultra-low emission of pollutants from coal-fired boilers, the emission limit of PM 10 is less than 5 mg/m 3 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For meeting the increasingly stringent emission standards, the formation mechanism and control method of PM 10 during coal combustion have always been the focus of research [1][2][3][4]. In the target of the ultra-low emission of pollutants from coal-fired boilers, the emission limit of PM 10 is less than 5 mg/m 3 [4]. Zhundong coal, found in Xinjiang, China, has vast reserves, and is expected to be widely used in the future, not only in China [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Minerals in Different Occurrence Forms to PM10 Emissions during the Combustion of Pulverized Zhundong Coal

Zhao

Gao

et al. 2019

Energies

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The comprehensive and quantitative assessment of the contribution of minerals with different occurrence forms to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) emitted from the combustion of Zhundong coal is of great significance for its clean utilization and for the development of particulate matter formation mechanisms. Samples with simplified occurrence forms of inorganic species were prepared by water-, salt-, and acid-washing of Zhundong coal. The samples were combusted in a drop-tube furnace under 20 vol % oxygen at 1250 °C, and the emitted PM10 was collected. The effects of the minerals in different forms on the PM10 emissions were analyzed by comparing the mass concentration distributions, yields, and elemental compositions of PM10. The results showed that water-soluble, ion-exchangeable, acid-soluble, and acid-insoluble minerals contributed 8.3%, 37.8%, 29.7%, and 24.2% of the PM10 emissions, respectively. The distributions of the Na, Mg, Ca, and Fe contents in PM10 were bimodal, as follows: 63.6% of Na and 54.5% of Fe were deported to the ultrafine mode PM, while 63.6% of Mg and 86.6% of Ca were deported to the coarse mode PM. The distributions of the Si and Al contents were unimodal, namely: 92.9% of Si and 90.5% of Al were deported to the coarse mode PM. Water-soluble Na; ion-exchanged Mg, Ca, and Fe; and acid-insoluble Si and Al played decisive roles in the distribution of minerals in PM10.

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Thermochemical conversion characteristics of a single wood pellet in a convective low‐temperature air environment

2020

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Summary In this study, the thermochemical conversion process of a single wood pellet under low temperature (350°C‐650°C) isothermal heating is investigated to identify the outstanding low‐temperature ignition and combustion characteristics for heat generation, particularly during the preheating stages in the furnace. The thermal behavior of wood powder was analyzed using thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The suspended single pellet combustion phenomenon under a convective hot air stream was also explored. The results showed that the wood primarily decomposed in a range from 240°C to 520°C, and low‐temperature ignition was found at 293°C due to heterogeneous oxidation. For pellet combustion, an outstanding heterogeneous‐induced homogeneous combustion phenomenon occurred when the stream temperature was higher than 350°C. In contrast, the ignition mechanism shifted to volatile auto‐ignite mode at 650°C due to the interplay of fuel devolatilization and oxygen diffusion. The pellet temperature evolution was measured, and the results revealed a maximum heating rate of 6.61‐16.95 K/s under a stream temperature ranging from 350°C to 650°C. The weight loss evolution showed three stages during the entire heating process, and the average activation energy (13.12 kJ/mol) was obtained. Char combustion was found favorable to CO production for gaseous emissions, but the burning of volatiles tended to convert fuel into CO2. Finally, a simplified reaction scheme based on different onset temperatures, including pyrolysis, heterogeneous/homogeneous oxidation, and heterogeneous gasification was proposed to illustrate a potential thermochemical conversion route for further utilization.

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A Study of Sewage Sludge Co-Combustion with Australian Black Coal and Shiitake Substrate

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

Contribution of Minerals in Different Occurrence Forms to PM10 Emissions during the Combustion of Pulverized Zhundong Coal

Thermochemical conversion characteristics of a single wood pellet in a convective low‐temperature air environment

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