A study of soot formation in premixed propane/oxygen flames by in-situ optical techniques and sampling probes

Prado, G.; Jagoda, J.; Neoh, K. G.; Lahaye, J.

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(81)80117-8

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The time derivative of M u is approximated by the finite difference representation. In the previous equation the brackets indicate the number average, namely the average with respect to the size distribution of particles that is expected to be self-preserving for free molecule coagulation (75). The above evaluation of S u is valid in the case that primary spheres are smooth; i.e., no pores or cavities are presented on their surface.…”

Section: Fig 2 Dissymmetry Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster–Cluster Aggregation Kinetics and Primary Particle Growth of Soot Nanoparticles in Flame by Light Scattering and Numerical Simulations

Stasio

Konstandopoulos

Kostoglou

2002

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Fig 2 Dissymmetry Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster–Cluster Aggregation Kinetics and Primary Particle Growth of Soot Nanoparticles in Flame by Light Scattering and Numerical Simulations

Stasio

Konstandopoulos

Kostoglou

2002

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…While the formation of particle aggregates is well documented and their fractal-like appearance is well characterized (see, e.g., the references cited above), the transition between the formation of primary particles and chain-like aggregates is not well understood. One theory [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] postulates that particles are composed of viscous matter which coalesce completely at small sizes. As the particle size increases they do not have sufficient time to fuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle aggregation with simultaneous surface growth

Mitchell

Frenklach

2003

Phys. Rev. E

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Particle aggregation with simultaneous surface growth was modeled using a dynamic Monte Carlo method. The Monte Carlo algorithm begins in the particle inception zone and constructs aggregates via ensemble-averaged collisions between spheres and deposition of gaseous species on the sphere surfaces. Simulations were conducted using four scenarios. The first, referred to as scenario 0, is used as a benchmark and simulates aggregation in the absence of surface growth. Scenario 1 forces all balls to grow at a uniform rate while scenario 2 only permits them to grow once they have collided and stuck to each other. The last one is a test scenario constructed to confirm conclusions drawn from scenarios 0-2. The transition between the coalescent and the fully-developed fractal aggregation regimes is investigated using shape descriptors to quantify particle geometry. They are used to define the transition between the coalescent and fractal growth regimes. The simulations demonstrate that the morphology of aggregating particles is intimately related to both the surface deposition and particle nucleation rates.

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“…Furthennore, if the volume of scatterer is evaluated by an asymmetry measurement it should be an order of magnitude lower than that obtained applying the Mie theory and since the scattering cross sections do not sufficiently follow the inverse trends, a much lower mass concentration of soot should result. The comparison between soot concentration obtained by probe measurements and by LLS data, interpreted on the basis of the Mie-theory gives a much more limited disagreement [56,61,62]. It is not surprising, after this discussion, that previous attempts by Bonczyk [63] and the author's group to obtain the parameters of a size distribution of Lorenz-Mie spheres from experimental data did not give consistent results.…”

Section: Lls Measurements In Premixed Flames -mentioning

confidence: 85%

Laser Light Scattering and Fluorescence Diagnostics of Rich Flames Produced by Gaseous and Liquid Fuels

D’Alessio

1981

Particulate Carbon

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Rich combustion systems present a much more complex chemistry than stoichiometric or lean ones: compounds from unsaturated C2 hydrocarbons to polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (P AH) are formed and destroyed, soot particles nucleate, grow and agglomerate and eventually burn out at different stages of the combustion. Furthermore, the fuel is introduced in the form of liquid droplets in many practical systems.The present paper presents initially a short summary of the scattering and extinction properties of spherical particles, from the Rayleigh regime to the ray optics limit (geometric regime), referring particularly to the simultaneous presence of soot particles and fuel droplets.Problems connected with polydispersion of spheres and the presence of particles of different shapes (spheroids, clusters, chains, etc.) are also briefly discussed.The paper reviews subsequently the u. v ./visible absorption and fluorescence spectra of some P AH compounds and discusses their interferences with the extinction due to soot particles and/or droplets and the spontaneous Raman effects due to low molecular mass compounds. The experimental section presents initially some laser light scattering (LLS) and extinction measurements carried out on large diesel oil spray flames. A procedure for distinguishing between fuel droplets and soot particles is illustrated, and average size and number concentration of soot particlesare evaluated. The effects of swirl on the spatial distribution of soot particles and fuel droplets for these types of flames are also shown. Optical results obtained on premixed and diffusion CH402 flames are compared in the next section: LLS measurements provide evidence for zones of early formation of soot particles while u. v. absorption and fluorescence spectra are related to the build-up ofPAH compounds.The final part of the paper compares the experimental results with the theoretical models and discusses agreement and limits; suggestions are LIST OF SYMBOLS

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A study of soot formation in premixed propane/oxygen flames by in-situ optical techniques and sampling probes

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

Cluster–Cluster Aggregation Kinetics and Primary Particle Growth of Soot Nanoparticles in Flame by Light Scattering and Numerical Simulations

Cluster–Cluster Aggregation Kinetics and Primary Particle Growth of Soot Nanoparticles in Flame by Light Scattering and Numerical Simulations

Particle aggregation with simultaneous surface growth

Laser Light Scattering and Fluorescence Diagnostics of Rich Flames Produced by Gaseous and Liquid Fuels

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