A study of Stress and Psychiatric Morbidity in the Central Industrial Security Force

Rao, G.Prasad; Moinuddin, Khaja; Sai, P.Geeta; Sarma, Eva; Sarma, Angers; Rao, P.Srinivasa

doi:10.1177/0975156420080107

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…[ 26 27 ] Our study contrasts with the general population; industrial and armed force studies that had larger sample sizes; and the specific population studies on teachers, drivers, call-center workers, and industrial, security, and military workers which had smaller sample sizes. [ 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 ] The industrial, general population, and physician studies had referrals from the older age groups, whereas studies on military personnel, executives, and call-center workers had younger age groups as compared to our study. [ 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 37 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 ] Most of the foreign studies did not report about socioeconomic data.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…[ 27 28 29 30 34 ] The diagnostic categories of our study compare with the hospital-based Indian studies but not with the community-based studies, industrial studies, and the special population-based studies done on teachers, physicians, executives, call-center workers, and drivers. [ 3 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 ] Studies on executive, call-center, and social workers found only minor psychiatric disorders. [ 25 34 39 ] Studies on armed force personnel had more substance-use disorders and neurotic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 3 25 26 ] Studies on teachers, executives, call-center workers, social workers, industrial workers, armed force personnel, and general population had a comparable number of cases fit for work, but studies on drivers had less cases fit for work, probably due to their specific job and different criteria of fitness for work. [ 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of psychiatric referrals for fitness for work

2017

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Background:There are very few Indian studies regarding the psychiatric evaluation of state government workers referred for psychiatric fitness for work.Aim:This study aimed to examine the reasons for referral, psychiatric diagnosis, and outcome of psychiatric referrals for fitness for work at a tertiary-level referral government hospital.Materials and Methods:The study evaluated consecutive psychiatric referrals at a tertiary-level referral government hospital with their informed consent utilizing a specially prepared pro forma, Kuppuswamy's Socioeconomic Status Scale and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus. Psychiatric diagnoses were based on the International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition Diagnostic Criteria for Research.Results:The study included 67 male and 8 female psychiatric referrals with a mean age of 39.5 years. Most of the psychiatric referrals were married (82.6%), Hindu by religion (97.3%), from urban areas (80%), belonged to upper middle class (46.7%), and had rotating shifts or emergency duties (50%). Psychiatric referrals were usually made for a single reason (57%), most commonly absenteeism (84%) followed by undisciplined behavior (38%). A past history of disciplinary action taken against them was given by 56% of the referrals. The most common psychiatric diagnosis was psychoactive substance-use disorder (21.3%) followed by psychotic disorders (20%) and mood disorders (14.7%). No psychopathology was detected in 18.7% of the referrals. Most of the psychiatric referrals (68%) were fit for work, though 22.67% were declared unfit for work (permanent invalidation). Psychiatric referrals with multiple reasons for referrals, longer duration of psychiatric illness (>5 years), and diagnosis of organic mental disorder or psychotic disorder received invalidation (permanent unfitness) on psychiatric grounds.Conclusions:Psychiatric referral for fitness for work is most commonly for absenteeism. The most common psychiatric diagnosis was substance-use disorder followed by psychoses. The majority (68%) were found fit for work after treatment though 22.6% required invalidment from service.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of psychiatric referrals for fitness for work

2017

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“…[ 10 11 ] In a study of Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) personnel at National Industrial Security Academy, Hyderabad, prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was reported to be 28.8% with the majority suffering from generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorders. [ 12 ]…”

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confidence: 99%

An analysis of paramilitary referrals to psychiatric services at a tertiary care center

Verma¹,

Mina²,

Deshpande³

2013

Ind Psychiatry J

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Background:There is a dearth of specialized mental health services for Indian paramilitary service personnel. Those requiring psychiatric evaluation are referred to government psychiatric services often with minimal information. Hence, major diagnostic and decision making relies on the psychiatrist's clinical evaluation and judgment. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively evaluate the paramilitary referrals to psychiatric services at a tertiary care referral center.Materials and Methods:A retrospective chart analysis of all consecutive referrals by various Indian paramilitary services to a tertiary care hospital (2008-2010) was carried out.Results:Among the sample of 18 referrals, all were males (mean age: 37 years ± standard deviation (SD) =7.79). Various reasons for referral included: Evaluation of fitness for duty (83.3%), fitness to handle firearms (16.7%), and for disability certification (5.6%). There were no informants at all in 22.2%, and family members were available in only 11.1%. Hence, most referrals were admitted to the psychiatry ward for observation for various lengths of time. The mean duration of assessment (outpatient and inpatient) was 17.89 days (SD = 20.74) and final reported diagnoses were schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder in 16.7, 11.1, and 11.1%, respectively. There was concurrent history of alcohol and nicotine dependence (40%). A large group (40%) was diagnosed not to suffer from a major mental illness, while a firm and final diagnosis could not be arrived at in 16.7% subjects. Only one subject was given the fitness to handle firearms, fitness for duty was refused in three (16.7%) subjects, and one subject was referred to neurology after being diagnosed as a case of seizure disorder.Conclusion:There is an urgent need for intensive training both to paramilitary physicians as well as to general hospital psychiatrists regarding proper assessment of paramilitary personnel, as there are frequent chances of the cases being undiagnosed or improperly diagnosed.

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“…[8] A recent study conducted on Central Industrial Security Force has revealed that personnel posted in stressful areas and the rank of constables perceived more stress and psychiatric morbidity compared with those posted in nonstressful areas. [16] A recent study on police personnel showed that the relationship between work characteristics and mental health outcomes was mediated by perceived stress. [17] Job satisfaction mediated the relationship between positive work characteristics and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of stress, coping, social support, and mental health in police personnel of Uttar Pradesh

Singh

Gupta

Sharma

et al. 2019

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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Background:Presence of enormous stress gives birth to a higher prevalence of mental health difficulties. Globally, the job of police personnel is full of stress. Coping strategies and social support have a crucial role to play in the management of stress and mental health.Objective:The objective of this study was to study stress, social support, coping, and mental health in the police personnel of Uttar Pradesh.Methodology:The sample comprised 300 male police personnel including 100 constables, 100 inspectors, and 100 officers being incidentally selected from six districts of Uttar Pradesh viz. Lucknow, Varanasi, Meerut, Raibareilly, Ghazipur, and Noida. The mean age of the sample was 40 years and average experience of 15 years of police service. They were assessed by using Occupational Stress Questionnaire (OSQ, Gmelch and Chan, 1994), Brief COPE Scale (Carver, 1997), Social Support Scale (Cohen et al. 1985), and Mental Health Inventory (Jagdish and Srivastava, 1983). The results obtained were analyzed statistically, the mean score was calculated, and the independent t-test was applied.Results:Among the police personnel, inspectors scored highest mean occupational stress score (39.89 ± 13.17) with the lowest mean score of active coping (17.40 ± 7.37), adaptive coping (23.81 ± 8.59), and the highest mean score in maladaptive coping (21.43 ± 7.89). Mental health of inspectors was most adversely affected with highest mean score (97.81 ± 24.49).Conclusion:The study concludes that the amount of stress experienced by all echelons of police is extremely high and almost of similar level except for inspectors showing highest among the three groups, thus emphasizing the use of healthy coping mechanisms and modification in work environment promoting health and well-being.

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A study of Stress and Psychiatric Morbidity in the Central Industrial Security Force

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

A study of psychiatric referrals for fitness for work

A study of psychiatric referrals for fitness for work

An analysis of paramilitary referrals to psychiatric services at a tertiary care center

A Study of stress, coping, social support, and mental health in police personnel of Uttar Pradesh

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