A study of the 160 MeV Ni⁷⁺swift heavy ion irradiation effect of defect creation and shifting of the phonon modes on Mn_xZn_1–xO thin films

Abstract

The energy loss to vacancy production shows that the number of vacancies depend on the displacement energy assigned to each target atom element is shown separately.

Methodical engineering of defects in MnXZn1-X O(x = 0.03, and 0.05) nanostructures by electron beam for nonlinear optical applications: A new insight

“…The more discussion on the formation of localized defect states were done in Sec 3.3. also an indication of expansion of crystal lattice. Enhancement in the intensity of diffraction peak corresponds to the influence of irradiated electron beam on the scattering factors of MnXZn1-XO unit cell [17]. The discrepancies observed in the intensity of diffraction peaks fall out the variations in the crystalline origin of the films on irradiation.…”

“…The decrement of crystallite size owes to the decrease in the grain size or deterioration of crystallinity. The decre-ment in the crystallinity or increase in the FWHM can be attributed to the incorporation of lattice defects in the nanostructure by e-beam ir-radiation [17,24]. The broadening of the x-ray diffraction peak which results in the decrease in the crystallite size further associated with the formation of localized strain in the lattice.…”

“…It allows a large range of diverse geometries by wavering the films growth conditions [16]. Furthermore the chemical and physical properties of the deposited films can be tailored by imposing various external conditions such as substrates, annealing temperature, strain, electric and magnetic field, electron and ion beam irradiations [17,18] etc. Up today there are no reports con-cerning the influence of energetic electron beam irradiation on tailoring the nonlinear optical properties of MnXZn1-X O nanostructures.…”

“…The observed XRD diffraction peaks in the films are indexed to (002), (101), (102), (110), (103), (112), and (201) with preferred growth orientation along (002) C-axis direction. The angle shift of the diffraction peak position observed with irradiation dosages are attributed to elongation of lattice parameters which results in compressive strain in the nanostructures[17,18]. The absence of Mn related peaks in the GXRD pattern may indicate incorporation of Mn into ZnO lattice due to substitution of Zn atoms position or in other way the impurity content of Mn in the films are lower than the detection limit of GXRD used.…”

Development of oxygen vacancies and surface defects in Mn-doped ZnO nanoflowers for enhancing visible light photocatalytic activity

“…There are many methods are available for the synthesis of ZnO nanoflowers such as dip coating technique [18], sol-gel and spin coating [19], chemical bath deposition [20], chemical vapor deposition [21], hydrothermal [22]. We have selected the hydrothermal technique to synthesis Mn-doped ZnO nanoflowers because it is a cost-effective and most appropriate technique for getting fine morphology of one-dimensional single crystalline material.…”