A study of the 46-year-old Arrow oil spill: Persistence of oil residues and variability in oil contamination along Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada

Yang, Zeyu; Shah, Keval; Laforest, Sonia; Hollebone, Bruce P.; Lambert, Patrick; Brown, Carl E.; Yang, Chun; Goldthorp, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.112

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Sample 3184 was collected from rock surfaces, whereas Sample 3186 was obtained from under rocks. As shown by Yang et al (Yang et al 2018), certain high molecular weight n-alkanes were present in Sample 3184, but they were not observed in Sample 3186. Both samples from Cape Auguet were collected from under rocks; the TIC spectra of both illustrated a very similar abundance upon visual inspection.…”

Section: Chemical Characteristics Of Acidic Extractable Componentsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The sampling strategies and sample information are described in Yang et al(Yang et al 2018) In this study, we analysed nine environmental samples (collected from sites located between 45.268°N, 61.022°W and 45.615°N, 61.365°W) as well as two additional oil samples. Most of the nine environmental samples were oil mixed with sediment or were oil residues recovered from the surface of rocks or from under or between rocks.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survey aimed to investigate the status of the recent oil contamination and the degree of weathering (46 years post-spill) of oil residues from the 1970 Arrow spill. These investigation relied on the analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), n-alkanes, petroleum-related biomarkers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and their alkylated congeners (APAHs) (Yang et al 2018). Various weathering processes had contributed to the ageing of these oil residues with microbial degradation being the dominant process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and characterisation of naphthenic acid fraction components in oil residues stranded on the shoreline of Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada

Yang¹,

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose This study aimed to investigate the occurrence, fate, and behaviour of oil components 46 years post-spill by analysing polar naphthenic acid fraction components (NAFCs). Methods Oil residues and sediment samples were collected from the shoreline of Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada, at sites affected by the 1970 Arrow oil spill, in June 2016. Sediments were extracted with Soxhlet extraction; NAFCs were separated through a silica gel column firstly, then analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). Results and discussion In all samples, the most abundant NAFC species were those having only oxygen as the heteroatom (Oo species, o indicating the number of oxygen atoms, from 1 to 8) and a high degree of saturation. O2 species accounted for 50–70% of all Oo species. NAFCs with sulphur heteroatoms were the second abundant species, then by those containing both nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms. NAFCs in most Arrow oil residues had higher levels of oxygen species, especially for heavier molecular weight congeners, than the oil remaining stored in the sunken tanker. Environmental sediment samples, collected from near a marina away from the spill site, mainly contained a biological contribution with obviously recent petroleum oil input, whereas all Arrow oil residues were composed mainly of NAFCs that are characteristic of petroleum, and varied abundance between sites. Conclusions Characteristics of NAFCs from different sources varied from each other. Site-specific environmental conditions played a major role in controlling the fate and behaviour of oil components, including NAFCs.

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Section: Chemical Characteristics Of Acidic Extractable Componentsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and characterisation of naphthenic acid fraction components in oil residues stranded on the shoreline of Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada

Yang¹,

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The fastest natural attenuation was recorded at low tide on shores exposed to high wave energy, and the slowest was recorded at high tide in sheltered section. Nevertheless, the degradation rate of oil that deeply penetrated the subsurface was very slow (Yang et al, 2018). The Baffin Island Oil Spill (BIOS) project was carried out in the Arctic at a location where cold water and air temperatures prevailed throughout the study period.…”

Section: Biological and Social-economical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Selected Oil Spill Case Studies on the Shorelines of Canada

Feng¹,

An²,

Cao³

et al. 2021

J ENVIRON INFORM LET

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After an oil spill, oil may wash ashore and there is only a short window of opportunity to respond. Analysis of historical incident data is valuable to guide future responses and cleanup practices. This study summarized the oil spill accidents that impacted the Canadian shoreline and analyzed the related information including location, incident characteristics, and shoreline treatment. Major spills due to tanker accidents in Canadian marine waters fortunately have been infrequent. Most of the accidents have happened on Canada's Pacific coast, accounting for 52% of the total accidents recorded. The Atlantic coast accounted for 39% and the remaining accidents happened in the Arctic region. Regarding spilled volume, 55% of the accidents spilled oil volumes smaller than 100 m 3 . Spilled volumes between 100 ~ 1000 m 3 represent 30% of the incidents and 15% had spilled volume greater than 1000 m 3 . Bunker C fuel and diesel were the main types of the spilled oil, accounting for 33% of the spills, respectively. Within the oil spill accidents impacting Canadian shorelines, marine vessel accidents were the major sources accounting for 70% of the spill accidents. In terms of the shoreline treatment, the commonly employed treatments were manual, vacuum, mechanical, and sorbent removal. The dataset highlighted the significance of a more comprehensive record for response phase details and environmental effects monitoring.

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“…Fifty years later, work continues periodically at the site of the Arrow spill, improving our understanding of the persistence of oil constituents, such as PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), in littoral and sub-littoral coastal sediments (e.g., Lee et al 2003, Yang et al 2018. The research emphasis at BIO on dispersant efficacy and bioremediation approaches for cold water environments is important as many studies have shown that components of spilled oil persist for decades in coastal environments, especially low energy shallow water ones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflecting on the importance of scientific anniversaries - the SS Arrow oil spill in Chedabucto Bay, NS, in 1970

Wells¹

2020

Proc NSIS

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A study of the 46-year-old Arrow oil spill: Persistence of oil residues and variability in oil contamination along Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Occurrence and characterisation of naphthenic acid fraction components in oil residues stranded on the shoreline of Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada

Occurrence and characterisation of naphthenic acid fraction components in oil residues stranded on the shoreline of Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada

An Analysis of Selected Oil Spill Case Studies on the Shorelines of Canada

Reflecting on the importance of scientific anniversaries - the SS Arrow oil spill in Chedabucto Bay, NS, in 1970

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