A study of the adsorption of NH3 and SO2 on leaf surfaces

Hove, L.W.A. van; Adema, E.H.; Vredenberg, W.J.; Pieters, G.A.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(89)90407-1

Cited by 115 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…7a), J NH $ showed a linear correlation to c NH $ . A linear dependency between J NH $ and c NH $ has already been observed in laboratory experiments with Phaseolus vulgaris (Farquhar et al, 1980 ;Van Hove et al, 1987) ; Populus euamericana (Van Hove et al, 1989) ; Picea abies (Kesselmeier et al, 1993) ; and Hordeum vulgare . In the NO # -fumigation assays, both in the field (Fig.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In addition, both gaseous (NH $ , NO # ) and dissolved (NH % + , NO $ − , NO # − ) reactive N compounds can be taken up by above-ground plant parts through the stomata (Van Hove et al, 1989 ;Thoene et al, 1991 ;Brumme et al, 1992 ;Pearson & Stewart, 1993 ;Burkhardt & Eiden, 1994 ;Geßler & Rennenberg, 1998), and subsequently are dissolved in the aqueous phase of the apoplast (Rennenberg & Geßler, 1999). Compared with that of NH $ and NO # , the uptake of atmospheric NO is negligible owing to its weak solubility in aqueous solutions .…”

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confidence: 99%

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NH₃ and NO₂ fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

2000

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The dynamic-chamber technique was used to investigate the correlation between NH $ and NO # fluxes and different climatic and physiological parameters : air temperature ; relative air humidity ; photosynthetic photon fluence rate ; NH $ and NO # concentrations ; transpiration rate ; leaf conductance for water vapour ; and photosynthetic activity. The experiments were performed with twigs from the sun crown of mature beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) at a field site (Ho$ glwald, Germany), and with 12-wk-old beech seedlings under controlled conditions. Both sets of experiments showed that NO # and NH $ fluxes depended linearly on NO # and NH $ concentration, respectively, in the concentration ranges representative for the field site studied, and on watervapour conductance as a measure for stomatal aperture. The NO # compensation point determined in the field studies (the atmospheric NO # concentration with no net NO # flux) was 1n8-1n9 nmol mol −" . The NH $ compensation point varied between 3n3 and 3n5 nmol mol −" in the field experiments, and was 3n0 nmol mol −" in the experiments under controlled conditions. The climatic factors T and PPFR were found to influence both NO # and NH $ fluxes indirectly, by changing stomatal conductance. Whilst NO # flux showed a response to changing relative humidity that could be explained by altered stomatal conductance, increased NH $ flux with increasing relative humidity ( 50 %) depended on other factors. The exchange of NO # between above-ground parts of beech trees and the atmosphere could be explained exclusively by uptake or emission of NO # through the stomata, as indicated by the quotient between measured and predicted NO # conductance of approx. 1 under all environmental conditions examined. Neither internal mesophyll resistances nor additional sinks could be observed for adult trees or for beech seedlings. By contrast, the patterns of NH $ flux could not be explained by an exclusive exchange of NH $ through the stomata. Deposition into additional sinks on the leaf surface, as indicated by an increase in the quotient between measured and predicted NH $ conductance, gained importance in high air humidity, when the stomata were closed or nearly closed and\or when atmospheric NH $ concentrations were high. Although patterns of NH $ gas exchange did not differ between different months or years at high NH $ concentrations (c. 140 nmol mol −" ), it must be assumed that emission or deposition fluxes at low ambient NH $ concentration (0n8 and 4n5 nmol mol −" ) might vary significantly with time because of variation in the NH $ compensation point.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 60%

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confidence: 99%

NH₃ and NO₂ fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

2000

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“…NH $ enters the leaf mainly through stomata (van Hove et al, 1987(van Hove et al, , 1989(van Hove et al, , 1991Husted & Schjoerring, 1995a ; and uptake is driven by the NH $ concentration gradient between the atmosphere and the substomatal cavity. A high NH $ concentration within the leaf lowers NH $ uptake or may even cause NH $ emissions when the atmospheric NH $ concentration is below the internal concentration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4) demonstrates that the main path for NH $ into the leaf was via stomata. The fact that total NH $ conductances were somewhat higher than stomatal NH $ conductances, the latter estimated on the basis of conductance to water vapour, can be explained by two factors : the diffusion path was shorter for NH $ compared to water vapour (Taylor & Tingey, 1983 ;van Hove et al, 1991 ;Schjoerring & Husted, 1997), which would mean NH $ uptake within the stomatal pore ; cuticular adsorption contributed to the measured NH $ conductances, although the plants were equilibrated with the given NH $ concentration for 4 h. The cuticle may act as a capacitor for NH $ uptake, which increases with increasing air humidity (van Hove et al, 1988(van Hove et al, , 1989. However, at a relative humidity of 50%, as chosen in the present experiments, the effect is considered to be relatively small.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Under field conditions, where leaf surfaces may be wet or covered by hygroscopic salts, NH $ adsorption to leaf surfaces may substantially increase the NH $ flux to the plant canopy (Erisman & Wyers, 1993 ;Burkhardt & Eiden, 1994 ;Sutton et al, 1995). Controlled-chamber studies with Phaseolus vulgaris (van Hove et al, 1987(van Hove et al, , 1989, Populus euamericana (van Hove et al, 1991), H. vulgare (Husted & Schjoerring, 1995a) and Brassica napus revealed that NH $ uptake through the cuticle was indeed negligible. Dueck et al (1991) measured foliar NH $ uptake of Deschampsia flexuosa and Calluna vulgaris by supplying "&NH $ and did not observe significant "&NH $ uptake through the leaf cuticle.…”

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Uptake and utilization of atmospheric ammonia in three native Poaceae species: leaf conductances, composition of apoplastic solution and interactions with root nitrogen supply

et al. 1999

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The physiological potential for acquisition of atmospheric ammonia (NH $ ) was investigated in three European meadow grasses (Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus erectus and Brachypodium pinnatum) competing in chalk grasslands. Experiments were carried out with plants cultivated for about three months on a soil-sand mixture at high root nitrogen supply or in nutrient solutions at low root nitrogen supply. Two different root nitrogen regimes were applied to the solution-grown plants : 130 µmol NO $ plant −" wk −" (approx. 50 kg nitrogen ha −" in three months) ; or 130 µmol NO $ − plus 130 µmol NH % + plant −" wk −" . Each regime was combined with two levels of NH $ fumigation (0 and 70 nmol mol −" air for 24 d). Uptake of gaseous NH $ in the shoots was investigated under controlled environmental conditions including NH $ concentrations ranging from 0 to 30 nmol mol −" air. Concurrently, photosynthesis, glutamine synthetase activity, nitrogen allocation, biomass allocation and apoplastic cation composition were measured. For A. elatius, the influence of photorespiration on NH $ acquisition was also assessed.Independently of plant nitrogen status, ammonia compensation points in A. elatius and B. erectus plants were 0.5 nmol mol −" . The total leaf conductance to NH $ absorption remained constant at increasing NH $ concentrations, showing that the capacity for assimilation was unaltered. Whereas internal factors in the leaves did not cause differences in the potential for NH $ acquisition between the species, other factors of NH $ acquisition were quite different : B. erectus had higher stomatal conductance and, thus, higher NH $ uptake rates per unit leaf area compared to A. elatius and B. pinnatum ; higher stomatal conductances of B. erectus were to a large extent offset by a lower leaf area per plant, resulting from a lower growth rate and thicker leaves than in the two other species. The rate of photorespiration in Arrhenatherum constituted at least 15% of the net photosynthetic rate. Surprisingly, suppression of photorespiration indicated that NH $ uptake was supported by photorespiration. Bromus responded to fumigation with 70 nmol NH $ mol −" air for 24 d by lowering the root : shoot ratio and increasing the nitrogen concentration in the stem dry matter. The total leaf conductance to NH $ uptake decreased in all three species upon exposure to NH $ , while the stomatal conductance was unaffected. The NH $ exposure caused lower apoplastic concentrations of H + , Mg# + and Ca# + in A. elatius and B. erectus.

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Investigation of the influence of liquid surface films on O₃ and PAN deposition to plant leaves coated with organic/inorganic solution

et al. 2016

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This study investigates the influence of leaf surface water films on the deposition of ozone (O3) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) under controlled laboratory conditions. A twin‐cuvette system was used to simulate environmental variables. We observed a clear correlation between the O3 deposition on plants (Quercus ilex) and the relative humidity (RH) under both light and dark conditions. During the light period the observed increase of the O3 deposition was mainly attributed to the opening of leaf stomata, while during the absence of light the liquid surface films were the reason for O3 deposition. This finding was supported by experimentally induced stomatal closure by the infiltration of abscisic acid. In the case of PAN, no relationship with RH was found during the dark period, which indicates that the nonstomatal deposition of PAN is not affected by the liquid surface films. Consequently, the ratio of the O3 and PAN deposition velocities is not constant when relative humidity changes, which is in contrast to assumptions made in many models. The flux partitioning ratio between nonstomatal and stomatal depositions as well as between nonstomatal and total depositions was found to be Rnsto/sto = 0.21–0.40, Rnsto/tot = 0.18–0.30 for O3 and Rnsto/sto = 0.26–0.29, Rnsto/tot = 0.21–0.23 for PAN. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the formation of the liquid surface film on leaves and the nonstomatal O3 deposition are depending on the chemical composition of the particles deposited on the leaf cuticles as proposed previously.

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A study of the adsorption of NH3 and SO2 on leaf surfaces

Cited by 115 publications

References 23 publications

NH₃ and NO₂ fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

NH₃ and NO₂ fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

Uptake and utilization of atmospheric ammonia in three native Poaceae species: leaf conductances, composition of apoplastic solution and interactions with root nitrogen supply

Investigation of the influence of liquid surface films on O₃ and PAN deposition to plant leaves coated with organic/inorganic solution

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A study of the adsorption of NH3 and SO2 on leaf surfaces

Cited by 115 publications

References 23 publications

NH3 and NO2 fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

NH3 and NO2 fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

Uptake and utilization of atmospheric ammonia in three native Poaceae species: leaf conductances, composition of apoplastic solution and interactions with root nitrogen supply

Investigation of the influence of liquid surface films on O3 and PAN deposition to plant leaves coated with organic/inorganic solution

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NH₃ and NO₂ fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

NH₃ and NO₂ fluxes between beech trees and the atmosphere – correlation with climatic and physiological parameters

Investigation of the influence of liquid surface films on O₃ and PAN deposition to plant leaves coated with organic/inorganic solution