A Study of the Anatomy of the Prostate, Prostatic Urethra and the Urinary Sphincter System

Hutch, John A.; Rambo, Oscar N.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)61756-7

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These aspects reinforce the previous experiences that show the absence of a direct relationship between the prostate gland volume and the degree of urinary obstruction called ''prostatism sans prostate '' or ''small prostate, big residual'' [10,[23][24][25][26][27]. Explanations for this absence of correlation implied the occurrence of an intrinsic prostate tension, based on the contraction of stromal smooth muscles or extrinsic tension of the capsule on the transitional hypersplastic tissue [23][24][25]. The distinct degrees of physiological and anatomical changes that occur in response to bladder outlet obstruction, have an important role in the bladder function and urinary symptoms [25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Among these, it is important to emphasize the occurrence of progressive changes in the urinary bladder with aging, which take place at the same time as histopathological alterations of the prostate that may contribute to the LUTS [1,2]. These aspects reinforce the previous experiences that show the absence of a direct relationship between the prostate gland volume and the degree of urinary obstruction called ''prostatism sans prostate '' or ''small prostate, big residual'' [10,[23][24][25][26][27]. Explanations for this absence of correlation implied the occurrence of an intrinsic prostate tension, based on the contraction of stromal smooth muscles or extrinsic tension of the capsule on the transitional hypersplastic tissue [23][24][25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Correlation between the total volume, transitional zone volume of the prostate, transitional prostate zone index and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)

Franciosi

Koff

Rhoden³

2007

Int Urol Nephrol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Correlation between the total volume, transitional zone volume of the prostate, transitional prostate zone index and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)

Franciosi

Koff

Rhoden³

2007

Int Urol Nephrol

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“…He described a dorsal or posterior lobe, a median and two lateral lobes, and additionally a ventral lobe, which atrophied after birth. In the adult human these lobes are fused and cannot be separated or defined by dissection, giving rise over the years to a number of different views on the anatomic division of the human prostate (Franks, 1954, Hutch and Rambo, 1970, McNeal, 1984, Tissell and Salander, 1984). The situation is further confused by the fact that in most other animals, including other primates, the various prostatic lobes are separable in varying degrees on anatomical, histological and physiological bases.…”

Section: Anatomy and Development Of The Prostatementioning

confidence: 99%

PPARγ: A molecular link between systemic metabolic disease and benign prostate hyperplasia

et al. 2011

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The emergent epidemic of metabolic syndrome and its complex list of sequelae mandate a more thorough understanding of benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms (BPH/LUTS) in the context of systemic metabolic disease. Here we discuss the nature and origins of BPH, examine its role as a component of LUTS and review retrospective clinical studies that have drawn associations between BPH/LUTS and type II diabetes, inflammation and dyslipidemia. PPARγ signaling, which sits at the nexus of systemic metabolic disease and BPH/LUTS through its regulation of inflammation and insulin resistance is proposed as a candidate for molecular manipulation in regard to BPH/LUTS. Finally, we introduce new cell and animal models that are being used to study the consequences of obesity, diabetes and inflammation on benign prostatic growth.

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“…He described a dorsal or posterior lobe, a median and two lateral lobes, and additionally a ventral lobe that atrophied after birth. In the adult human these lobes are fused and cannot be separated or defined by dissection, giving rise over the years to a number of different views on the anatomic division of the human prostate (Franks, 1954;Hutch and Rambo, 1970;McNeal, 1984;Tissell and Salander, 1984). The situation is further confused by the fact that in most other animals, including other primates, the various prostatic lobes are separable in varying degrees on anatomical, histological and physiological bases.…”

Section: Anatomy and Development Of The Prostatementioning

confidence: 99%

PTEN Loss and Reactive Microenvironments in Prostate Cancer Progression

Strand¹

2011

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE July 2011 REPORT TYPE Annual Summary DATES COVERED PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBERVanderbilt University Nashville, TN 37232 SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTPTEN is lost in a significant percentage of prostate cancers, which has been verified in animal models. However, these models fail to assess the role of PTEN in development given the usage of promoters regulated at differentiation. Results generated by knocking down PTEN in a human model of normal prostatic regeneration show both an arrested differentiation identified with progenitor cell markers and transdifferentiation to various urogenital organs including bladder, urethra and intestine. Each organ type is surrounded by representative differentiated stroma suggesting that gradients of PTEN expression may dictate the development of various urogenital organs. Stromal changes have also been associated with disease progression, which is difficult to model in transgenic animals due to the lack of appropriate promoters. To overcome this limitation, a human prostate fibroblast cell line has been generated along with a number of derivatives ectopically expressing chemokines and cytokines of 4 Introduction Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the transitional and periurethral area of the prostate gland that affects 60% of men over 60 years old. 50% of men at age 50 have lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) arising from BPH and 20-30% require surgical intervention by age 80. The etiology of BPH is still unknown although analyses of comorbities and retrospective studies of patients on medications for comorbidities have revealed insights into potential molecular mechanisms. The current treatment regimen for BPH is initially to place patients on uroselective (alfuzosin SR, tamsulosin) or nonuroselect...

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A Study of the Anatomy of the Prostate, Prostatic Urethra and the Urinary Sphincter System

Cited by 45 publications

References 4 publications

Correlation between the total volume, transitional zone volume of the prostate, transitional prostate zone index and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)

Correlation between the total volume, transitional zone volume of the prostate, transitional prostate zone index and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)

PPARγ: A molecular link between systemic metabolic disease and benign prostate hyperplasia

PTEN Loss and Reactive Microenvironments in Prostate Cancer Progression

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