A Study of the Distribution of Perimeter, Cell-Wall Area and Thickness, and Shape in Raw and Slack-Mercerized . Single Cotton Fibers

Chauhan, R.S.; Shah, N.M.; Dweltz, N. E.

doi:10.1177/004051758105100604

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…7 to 10 times) and smaller sample sizes (n ¼ 200). Chauhan et al 52 also measured the cross-sectional properties of various cotton genotypes using a similar method to Petkar et al 21 (and the same sample number) at 45, 55, and 65 DPA stages of development. The Chauhan et al 52 results were similar, except that increases in fiber perimeter with increasing developmental age were detected.…”

Section: Effects Of Genotype and Defoliation Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chauhan et al 52 also measured the cross-sectional properties of various cotton genotypes using a similar method to Petkar et al 21 (and the same sample number) at 45, 55, and 65 DPA stages of development. The Chauhan et al 52 results were similar, except that increases in fiber perimeter with increasing developmental age were detected. Those authors suggested that changes in perimeter during fiber development were dependent on the opposing factors of increasing maturity and increasing "coarseness," and that a propensity for greater maturity tends to go with lower perimeter fibers.…”

Section: Effects Of Genotype and Defoliation Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of cotton genotype, defoliation timing and season on fiber cross-sectional properties and yarn performance

Long

Delhom

Bange

2021

Textile Research Journal

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Cotton fiber cross-sectional properties influence the performance of ring spun yarns. The spinning performance of two Gossypium hirsutum L. Upland cotton genotypes known to have inherently different fiber fineness properties were compared. Genotypes were grown together in field experiments conducted over two growing seasons, and crops were subjected to early and late defoliation treatments. The aim was to quantify the differences in yarn properties following changes targeting fiber fineness properties in isolation from other fiber properties. For the first time, the percentage difference in yarn properties was captured along with the associated changes made to alternative fiber fineness properties within the base micronaire 3.50 to 4.90 G5 range. As expected the genotype with lower fiber micronaire, linear density, and perimeter, spun yarns that were stronger and more even. Late defoliated cotton plants produced fibers that were higher in micronaire and maturity ratio, and were bigger in perimeter, which demonstrated that the fibers had expanded during the secondary wall thickening phase of development. However, the defoliation treatment effect on fiber fineness properties was smaller compared with the effect of genotype, and no change to any yarn property was detected. In terms of environmental effects, the first season cotton had smaller perimeter finer fibers that spun stronger and more even yarns. In contrast, the second season cotton had bigger perimeter fibers that spun weaker and less even yarns.

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Section: Effects Of Genotype and Defoliation Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Genotype and Defoliation Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cotton genotype, defoliation timing and season on fiber cross-sectional properties and yarn performance

Long

Delhom

Bange

2021

Textile Research Journal

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“…The theoretical frequencies were worked out using Equation 1. The X2 values obtained give the goodness-of-fit of normal distribution as shown in columns 10 to 13, where nearly half the total X2 values are nonsignificant, indicating that the frequency distribution of the secondary wall thickness values may be normal.…”

Section: Secondary Wall Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schloemer [3] was the first to consider shape factor in terms of area and perimeter, since obviously any variation in shape factor is mainly due to a variation in these. Chauhan et al ( 1 ] studied the variation in fiber characteristics such as perimeter, cell-wall area and thickness, and shape of raw and mercerized cotton fibers. In order to investigate changes in these parameters as a function of growth, these authors presented data on perimeter, cell-wall thickness, and cell-wall area of one cotton, Kalyan, and they observed that these fiber characteristics followed normal distribution for all three different growth periods.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of Cross-Sectional Area, Perimeter, Circularity, and Secondary Wall Thickness of Different Cotton Fibers During Growth

Petkar

Mhadgut

Oka

1986

Textile Research Journal

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Bolls from four cottons, one from each of the cultivated species G. arboreum, G. herbaceum, G. barbadense, and G. hirsutum, were picked at weekly intervals. Crosssectional area and perimeter were determined for 200 fibers of each of these samples, and secondary wall thickness and circularity were calculated. Cross-sectional area, circularity, and secondary wall thickness increased with fiber growth. These increases were greater in the initial stages of development than in the later stages. The percentage of frequency distribution of cross-sectional area, perimeter, and secondary wall thickness indicated almost normal distribution, but there was no similar trend for circularity.The striking feature of cotton fiber is the variability of nearly every physical character. The cross-sectional shape is no exception, since it may vary from a bean shape to nearly round. Because of this, different methods have been used to classify shape factor for some sort of numerical index. Schloemer [3] was the first to consider shape factor in terms of area and perimeter, since obviously any variation in shape factor is mainly due to a variation in these. Chauhan et al.( 1 ] studied the variation in fiber characteristics such as perimeter, cell-wall area and thickness, and shape of raw and mercerized cotton fibers. In order to investigate changes in these parameters as a function of growth, these authors presented data on perimeter, cell-wall thickness, and cell-wall area of one cotton, Kalyan, and they observed that these fiber characteristics followed normal distribution for all three different growth periods. Similar work was initiated at the Cotton Technological Research Laboratory, Bombay, during 1972, and many aspects of shape factor were studied exhaustively. One of the aspects studied in detail was the change in circularity of fiber cross sections of cottons picked from the bolls of different species during the development period. The data regarding perimeter, cross-sectional area, circularity, and wall thickness are analyzed and presented here. . Experimental ..The cottons selected were AK.235 (G. arboreum), Digvijay (G. herbaceum), Gujarat 67 (G. hirsutum), and ERB.4530 (G. barbadense). Bolls of these cottons were picked at weekly intervals ending at 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 63 days after flowering and preserved under 4% formalin solution. (Note that for two of the cottons, AK.235 and ERB.4530, the bolls of 63 days were not available, while for three of the cottons, Digvijay, Gujarat 67, and ERB.4530, the cross sections for 28 days could not be taken because the fibers had become entangled upon dehydration.) Fibers from cotton bolls were dehydrated at room temperature and the cross sections were obtained with a Hardy microtome modified according to Schwarz and Shapiro [4]. The cross sections were magnified to 1350X under a microscope fitted with a Euscope and a ground glass screen. The circularity (C) was determined using Schloemer's formula [3], C = 4aA/P2, where A is the cross-sectional area measured with a polar plan...

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Studies on swelling of cotton fibers in alkali metal hydroxides. II. Influence of morphology and fine structure on tensile behavior

Iyer

Sreenivasan

Patel

et al. 1989

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisCotton fibers varying widely in gravimetric fineness but having nearly same percentage mature fibers have been subjected to swelling in 4.5N LiOH, NaOH, and KOH a t room temperature and 0°C. The resultant changes in fine structure are analyzed by X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption methods while variations in surface morphology are followed by scanning electron microscopy. Extent of swelling measured by changes in gravimetric fineness follows the order LiOH 2 NaOH 2 KOH, the exact gradation being dependent on the variety. Analysis of tensile data shows that whereas moderate swelling leads to an increase in tenacity at 3.2 mm gauge length, excessive swelling leads to a decrease of the same, the extent of decrease being a function of swelling. KOH treatment produced uniform swelling and gave better retention of To and T3 for all varieties. Tensile behavior after slack swelling in the various reagents could be interpreted on the basis of fine structural variations produced by them. However, the differential response of cottons to a swelling agent is explained by postulating variations in the packing of structural elements along the radii.

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A Study of the Distribution of Perimeter, Cell-Wall Area and Thickness, and Shape in Raw and Slack-Mercerized . Single Cotton Fibers

Abstract: A study of the cross-sections of single cotton fibers revealed that perimeter, cell-wall thickness, and cell-wall area are normally distributed, and that the parameters of the normal, or Gaussian, distribution can be used to describe these physical .

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of cotton genotype, defoliation timing and season on fiber cross-sectional properties and yarn performance

Effects of cotton genotype, defoliation timing and season on fiber cross-sectional properties and yarn performance

Distribution of Cross-Sectional Area, Perimeter, Circularity, and Secondary Wall Thickness of Different Cotton Fibers During Growth

Studies on swelling of cotton fibers in alkali metal hydroxides. II. Influence of morphology and fine structure on tensile behavior

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