A study of the effect of embedding ZnO-NPs on PVC membrane performance use in actual hospital wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor

Alsalhy, Qusay F.; Al-Ani, Faris H.; Al-Najar, Arshed E.; Jabuk, Sura I.A.

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2018.06.019

Cited by 118 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Increasing the TiO 2 -NPs concentration led to a moderate rise in the membrane porosity from 77.6% for the neat PVC membrane to 79.5% for the membrane prepared from TiO 2 -NPs 1.5 gm. These results were comparable with the studies presented in the literature in which the addition of hydrophilic compounds improved the porosity or void size [5].…”

Section: Edx Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to analyze the PVC-TiO2 elemental composition. Table 2 shows that the elements (i.e., Ti, O, Cl, and C) were detected at different weight The thickness of the membrane increased with the addition of TiO 2 -NPs because of the rise in viscosity of the casting solution with the rise in TiO 2 -NP levels (i.e., increasing the solid materials in the dope solution resulted in increased membrane thickness) [5]. Figure 3 displays the influence of the amount of TiO 2 -NPs on the PVC-TiO 2 -NPs membrane porosity.…”

Section: Edx Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The top surface of the modified membranes (i.e., PT-0.5, PT-1, and PT-1.5 of TiO 2 -NPs) had a higher pore density with a smaller pore size in comparison with the top surface of PT-0. The formation of membranes with a highly porous or dense structure depends on the exchange rate between the solvent and the nonsolvent during the phase inversion process; more porous membranes are formed when a nonsolvent enters the casting film faster than the solvent escapes [5,8,[26][27][28]. The pores on the bottom surface were few and broader than the pores on the top surface but were more organized with high pore density on the top surface.…”

Section: Morphology Examination By Semmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean pore size increased to 92 and 99 nm for PT-0.5, and it reached 99 and 114 nm for PT-1, whereas the mean pore size for PT-1.5 was 77 for the top surface and 112 nm for the bottom surface. Adding TiO 2 to the casting solution led to a change in the reciprocation rate between the solvent and nonsolvent during the formation of the membranes [5]. An increased load of TiO 2 led to reduce the mean pore size for both surfaces of PT-1.5.…”

Section: Top Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to long-term reuse, the membrane exposure to cleaning agents at various operating conditions negatively impacts the characteristics of the membrane; thus, the performance of the membranes may suffer. Therefore, the study of membrane lifetimes is essential to ensure that the membrane does not deteriorate during long-term operation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Implanting TiO2-NPs on PVC for Long-Term UF Membrane Performance to Treat Refinery Wastewater

et al. 2020

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This study investigated the impact of implanting TiO2-NPs within a membrane to minimize the influence of long-term operation on the membrane characteristics. Four poly vinyle chloride-titanium oxide (PVC-TiO2-NPs) membranes were prepared to create an ultrafiltration membrane (UF) that would effectively treat actual refinery wastewater. The hypothesis of this work was that TiO2-NPs would function as a hydrophilic modification of the PVC membrane and excellent self-cleaning material, which in turn would greatly extend the membrane’s lifetime. The membranes were characterized via Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The removal efficiency of turbidity, total suspended solid (TSS), oil and grease, heavy metals and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were investigated. Contact angle (CA) reduced by 12.7% and 27.5% on the top and bottom surfaces, respectively. The PVC membrane with TiO2-NPs had larger mean pore size on its surface and more holes with larger size inside the membrane structure. The addition of TiO2-NPs could remarkably enhance the antifouling property of the PVC membrane. The pure water permeability (PWP) of the membrane was enhanced by 95.3% with an increase of TiO2 to 1.5 gm/100gm. The PWP after backwashing was reduced from 22.3% for PVC to 10.1% with 1.5 gm TiO2-NPs. The long-term performance was improved from five days for PVC to 23 d with an increase in TiO2-NPs to 1.5 gm. The improvements of PVC-TiO2-NPs long-term were related to the enhancement of the hydrophilic character of the membrane and increase tensile strength due to the reinforcement effect of TiO2-NPs. These results clearly identify the impact of the TiO2-NPs content on the long-term PVC/TiO2-NPs performance and confirm our hypothesis that it is possible to use TiO2-NPs to effectively enhance the lifetime of membranes during their long-term operation.

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Section: Edx Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Edx Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphology Examination By Semmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Top Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Implanting TiO2-NPs on PVC for Long-Term UF Membrane Performance to Treat Refinery Wastewater

et al. 2020

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Synthesis and evaluation of PVC‐Cu/Al₂O₃ nanocomposite membranes for removing of natural organic matter from the wastewater

Sajjadi,

Etemadi,

Zaremanesh

2024

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The synthesis of Cu/Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) was conducted by the citric acid sol–gel technique. We used the synthesized NPs to enhance PVC membranes and create PVC‐Cu/Al2O3 nanocomposite membranes. The quantities of NPs utilized were 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt.% of solid phase. The point of this study was to look into how PVC‐Cu/Al2O3 membranes can be used to remove natural organic matter (NOM) from polluted water in submerged membrane systems. The membranes treated with NPs exhibited increased porosity, improved hydrophilicity, and smoother surface. Results revealed that the incorporation of 1 wt.% NPs into PVC (PVC‐CA1) demonstrated the highest degree of hydrophilicity and porosity. Moreover, PVC‐CA1 exhibited an increased number of pores, with larger pores present on the top surface and larger macrovoids on the cross‐sectional surface. The PVC‐CA1 exhibited the highest flux recovery ratio (FRR) and highest rejection rate for HA, with values of 82.6% and 92.6%, respectively. PVC‐CA1, which had an irreversible fouling ratio (IFR) of 17.3%, demonstrated the greatest resistance to fouling. Generally, incorporation of NPs into PVC resulted in increased hydrophilicity, enhanced porosity, uniform dispersion, smoother surface characteristics, and consequently improved antifouling properties. Furthermore, among the fabricated membranes, PVC‐CA1 had the most favorable antifouling performance.

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Fabrication and characterizations of degradable PVC/PLA‐HAp ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced antifouling properties

Shokri

Khanghahi

Effati

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Degradable membranes were obtained by blending of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with poly lactic acid (PLA) as biodegradable polymer. The effect of the amount of PLA from 10 to 30 wt% on the PVC membrane properties was investigated. The PVC/PLA(80/20) membrane exhibited higher porosity, water uptake and pure water flux than other fabricated membranes. The PVC/PLA(80/20) membrane in TGA results showed that lower temperature required to decompose the membrane in compare of neat PVC membrane. The effect of the amount of hydroxyapatite (HAp) from 0.0 to 3.0 wt% on the PVC/PLA(80/20) membrane structural and antifouling properties was investigated. With the increase in the amount of the HAp up to 2.5 wt%, membrane porosity, hydrophilicity and pure water flux increased. PVC/PLA(80/20)‐2.5 membrane showed higher surface roughness in compare of neat PVC and PVC/PLA(80/20) blended membrane, resulting in higher antifouling properties. Also in the SEM images, embedding the HAp causes to suppress the macrovoids in the cross section of membrane with a higher number of surface pores, which also had lower pore diameter.The humic acid rejection ratios of all PVC/PLA‐HAp nanocomposite membranes were higher than 87%; and all the nanocomposite membranes exhibited higher reversible fouling ratios (RFRs) than the neat PVC membrane.

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A study of the effect of embedding ZnO-NPs on PVC membrane performance use in actual hospital wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor

Cited by 118 publications

References 63 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Implanting TiO2-NPs on PVC for Long-Term UF Membrane Performance to Treat Refinery Wastewater

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Implanting TiO2-NPs on PVC for Long-Term UF Membrane Performance to Treat Refinery Wastewater

Synthesis and evaluation of PVC‐Cu/Al₂O₃ nanocomposite membranes for removing of natural organic matter from the wastewater

Fabrication and characterizations of degradable PVC/PLA‐HAp ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced antifouling properties

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A study of the effect of embedding ZnO-NPs on PVC membrane performance use in actual hospital wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor

Cited by 118 publications

References 63 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Implanting TiO2-NPs on PVC for Long-Term UF Membrane Performance to Treat Refinery Wastewater

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Implanting TiO2-NPs on PVC for Long-Term UF Membrane Performance to Treat Refinery Wastewater

Synthesis and evaluation of PVC‐Cu/Al2O3 nanocomposite membranes for removing of natural organic matter from the wastewater

Fabrication and characterizations of degradable PVC/PLA‐HAp ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced antifouling properties

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Synthesis and evaluation of PVC‐Cu/Al₂O₃ nanocomposite membranes for removing of natural organic matter from the wastewater