A study of the irradiation behaviour of Zr3Al

Howe, L.M.; Rainville, M.H.

doi:10.1016/0022-3115(77)90241-0

Cited by 101 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Therefore, the properties of this intermetallic compound have been extensively studied [5,6]. Moreover, the Zr 3 Al-based alloys have some excellent properties like low neutron absorption cross-section, good elevated-temperature mechanical and anti-corrosion properties, thus they are widely used for reactor core components [7,8]. Rare earth elements, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of Al–Zr–Y system phase equilibria at 773K

She

Zhan

et al. 2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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a b s t r a c tThe phase relationships in the Al-Zr-Y ternary system at 773 K have been investigated mainly by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive analysis (EDX). The 13 binary compounds, i.e. have been confirmed. The isothermal section of the Al-Zr-Y ternary system at 773 K consists of 16 single-phase regions, 29 two-phase regions and 14 three-phase regions. No ternary compound is found in this work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of Al–Zr–Y system phase equilibria at 773K

She

Zhan

et al. 2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…14 Electron irradiation yields completely disordered phase only at very low temperatures, and a steady-state with significant ordering (ordering parameter as high as 0.5 near room temperature) is established above -20 °C, presumably due to mobile interstitial-type defects. 12 Ball-milled samples also showed no sign of ordering or crystallization at temperatures below about 550 °C. 10~12 Additional evidence indicating difference in ordering kinetics between Ni 3 Al and Zr 3 Al can be found in reordering experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For originally ordered Ni 3 Al, disappearance of long-range order (x-ray diffraction) takes at least 5 h of attrition. 12 Crystallization of ion-amorphized Zr 3 Al into ordered phase required 1 h at 500 °C in the presence of crystal nuclei, without which crystallization did not occur up to 900 °C. 14 For ordered Zr 3 Al, in comparison, attrition results in quick disordering and sets off amorphization within 1 h. 1 Ion or electron irradiation leads to complete disordering as long as temperatures are below 300 °C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphization and metastable polymorphs of ordered intermetallics Zr₃Al and Ni₃Al

1994

J. Mater. Res.

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Observations of various metastable crystalline and amorphous polymorphs of Ll 2 -type intermetallics Zr 3 Al and Ni 3 Al are summarized. The difference in the tendency of these two alloys to become amorphous is obvious. Regardless of the nonequilibrium routes employed for synthesis and processing, amorphous Zr 3 Al is obtained easily, while amorphization of Ni 3 Al is rare. An analysis of thermodynamic and kinetic factors responsible for the observed polymorph selection and amorphization behavior is presented. The inadequacy of a simplified model proposed earlier is also discussed.

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“…Examining specific intermetallics, it is known that those with more symmetric crystal structures (for example, cubic structures) and those with smaller lattice parameters are more ductile [21]. In this case the D0 23 structure has reasonable symmetry, but it is not as likely to have the ductility of the higher temperature phase, D0 22 , as the crystal structure is very nearly cubic (a~c). The consequence of having a brittle intermetallic phase may be that the particles break as the composite is extruded, and it may be difficult to pressure bond to the surface of an Al 3 Hf particle.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Zr 3 Al has been irradiated in a number of studies, and found to be very sensitive to amorphization [22,23], its structure is not the same as Al 3 Zr, or Al 3 Hf. There does not seem to be a great deal of information concerning intermetallics with structural similarity to Al 3 Hf.…”

Section: Effects Of Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosted Fast Flux Loop Alternative Cooling Assessment

Longhurst¹,

Guillen²,

Parry³

et al. 2007

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The Gas Test Loop (GTL) Project was instituted to develop the means for conducting fast neutron irradiation tests in a domestic radiation facility. It made use of booster fuel to achieve the high neutron flux, a hafnium thermal neutron absorber to attain the high fast-to-thermal flux ratio, a mixed gas temperature control system for maintaining experiment temperatures, and a compressed gas cooling system to remove heat from the experiment capsules and the hafnium thermal neutron absorber. This GTL system was determined to provide a fast (E > 0.1 MeV) flux greater than 1.0E+15 n/cm2-s with a fast-to-thermal flux ratio in the vicinity of 40. However, the estimated system acquisition cost from earlier studies was deemed to be high. That cost was strongly influenced by the compressed gas cooling system for experiment heat removal. Designers were challenged to find a less expensive way to achieve the required cooling. This report documents the results of the investigation leading to an alternatively cooled configuration, referred to now as the Boosted Fast Flux Loop (BFFL). This configuration relies on a composite material comprised of hafnium aluminide (Al 3 Hf) in an aluminum matrix to transfer heat from the experiment to pressurized water cooling channels while at the same time providing absorption of thermal neutrons. Investigations into the performance this configuration might achieve showed that it should perform at least as well as its gas-cooled predecessor. Physics calculations indicated that the fast neutron flux averaged over the central 40 cm (16 inches) relative to ATR core mid-plane in irradiation spaces would be about 1.04E+15 n/cm2-s. The fastto-thermal flux ratio would be in excess of 40. Further, the particular configuration of cooling channels was relatively unimportant compared with the total amount of water in the apparatus in determining performance. Thermal analyses conducted on a candidate configuration showed the design of the water coolant and Al-Hf alloy heat sink system is capable of maintaining all system components below their maximum temperature limits. The maximum temperature of this conduction cooling system, 224.2°C (435.6 °F) occurs in a small, localized region in the heat sink structure near the core mid-plane. The total coolant flow rate requirement for this configuration is 207 L/min (54.7 gpm). The calculated Flow Instability Ratio and Departure from Nucleate Boiling Ratio for this configuration under nominal conditions are 6.5 and 8.0, respectively, which safely exceed the minimum values of 2.0. Materials and fabrication issues inspection revealed that the neutron absorber would probably best be made from powdered Al 3 Hf mixed with aluminum powder and extruded or hot isostatically pressed. Although Al 3 Hf has not been specifically studied extensively, its mechanical and chemical properties should be very much like Al 3 Zr, which has been studied. Its behavior under irradiation should be very satisfactory, and resistance to corrosion will be investigated to a limited e...

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A study of the irradiation behaviour of Zr3Al

Cited by 101 publications

References 49 publications

Experimental study of Al–Zr–Y system phase equilibria at 773K

Experimental study of Al–Zr–Y system phase equilibria at 773K

Amorphization and metastable polymorphs of ordered intermetallics Zr₃Al and Ni₃Al

Boosted Fast Flux Loop Alternative Cooling Assessment

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A study of the irradiation behaviour of Zr3Al

Cited by 101 publications

References 49 publications

Experimental study of Al–Zr–Y system phase equilibria at 773K

Experimental study of Al–Zr–Y system phase equilibria at 773K

Amorphization and metastable polymorphs of ordered intermetallics Zr3Al and Ni3Al

Boosted Fast Flux Loop Alternative Cooling Assessment

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Product

Resources

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Amorphization and metastable polymorphs of ordered intermetallics Zr₃Al and Ni₃Al