“…The process has many disadvantages: high energy consumption, long roasting time, insufficient heat and mass transfer, and easy sintering. The hydrometallurgical reduction proceeds mainly with the following reductants: reductive minerals, including pyrite (Kholmogorov et al, 2000), sphalerite (L, 2004), and galena (Long et al, 2010); organic reductive materials, including molasses (Lasheen et al, 2009;Su et al, 2008), methyl alcohol (Momade and Momade, 1999a;Momade and Momade, 1999b), sawdust (Hariprasad et al, 2007), cornstalk (Tian et al, 2010), and oxalic acid (Sahoo et al, 2001); and inorganic reductants, including sodium sulfite (Jianhua et al, 2007), iron powder (Bafghi et al, 2008), ferrous sulfate (Das et al, 1982), hydrogen peroxide (Do et al, 2009;El Hazek et al, 2006;Nayl et al, 2011), and sulfur dioxide (Grimanelis et al, 1992;Naik et al, 2000;Sun et al, 2011).…”