A study of the mechanical degradation of polymethylmethacrylate and polystyrene by following molecular weight changes

Vershinina, M.P.; Kuvshinskii, E. V.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(62)90397-0

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Common mill types are the attritor, the planetary mill, and the vibratory or shaker mill, and mills have been the subject of extensive scalability research for industrial applications. − Recently, the polyester poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was demonstrated to undergo complete depolymerization when processed in a vibratory mill with sodium hydroxide. , By contrast, the lack of labile functional groups on the backbone makes the conversion of polyolefins more challenging. Nevertheless, the breakage of the carbon–carbon bonds of polyolefins through ball milling has been the subject of study since the 1950–60s . In situ electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was used to establish that during milling, these polymers break via homolytic scission to form free radical chain ends (so-called mechanoradicals) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the breakage of the carbon–carbon bonds of polyolefins through ball milling has been the subject of study since the 1950–60s. 36 In situ electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was used to establish that during milling, these polymers break via homolytic scission to form free radical chain ends (so-called mechanoradicals). 37 Although it is demonstrably feasible to break polyolefin bonds by ball milling, 38 to the best of our knowledge, only in 2021, ball milling was used intentionally to depolymerize a polyolefin, when Balema et al 39 detected styrene in low yield by milling PS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Phenomena in Mechanochemical Depolymerization of Poly(styrene)

Chang,

Blanton,

Andraos

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Synthetic polyolefinic plastics comprise one of the largest shares of global plastic waste, which is being targeted for chemical recycling by depolymerization to monomers and small molecules. One promising method of chemical recycling is solidstate depolymerization under ambient conditions in a ball-mill reactor. In this paper, we elucidate kinetic phenomena in the mechanochemical depolymerization of poly(styrene). Styrene is produced in this process at a constant rate and selectivity alongside minor products, including oxygenates like benzaldehyde, via mechanisms analogous to those involved in thermal and oxidative pyrolysis. Continuous monomer removal during reactor operation is critical for avoiding repolymerization, and promoting effects are exhibited by iron surfaces and molecular oxygen. Kinetic independence between depolymerization and molecular weight reduction was observed, despite both processes originating from the same driving force of mechanochemical collisions. Phenomena across multiple length scales are shown to be responsible for differences in reactivity due to differences in grinding parameters and reactant composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Phenomena in Mechanochemical Depolymerization of Poly(styrene)

Chang,

Blanton,

Andraos

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The role of chain scission in fracture of amorphous polymers

Willett

O’Connor

Wool

1986

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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We have investigated the role of chain scission in glassy polymers by monitoring the molecular weight changes induced by microtoming thin slices of monodisperse polystyrenes. The changes in number‐average molecular weight allow determination of Nf, the number of bond scissions per unit area. It is found that Nf is independent of initial molecular weight and has the value 6.50 × 1013 scissions/cm2 at room temperature; Nf decreases with increasing temperature, suggesting that chain pullout increases with temperature. The work required to create unit surface area in polystyrene is several orders of magnitude greater than the energy required to break Nf bonds, indicating that plastic deformation plays a major role in deformation and fracture of glassy polymers.

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The nature of the mechanical degradation of polymethylmethacrylate

Butyagin

1967

Polymer Science U.S.S.R.

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A study of the mechanical degradation of polymethylmethacrylate and polystyrene by following molecular weight changes

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Kinetic Phenomena in Mechanochemical Depolymerization of Poly(styrene)

Kinetic Phenomena in Mechanochemical Depolymerization of Poly(styrene)

The role of chain scission in fracture of amorphous polymers

The nature of the mechanical degradation of polymethylmethacrylate

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