A study of the precipitation of copper particles in a ferrite matrix

Worrall, G.; Buswell, J.T.; English, C.A.; Hetherington, M.G.; Smith, George Davey

doi:10.1016/0022-3115(87)90525-3

Cited by 141 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The results of this study predict that bcc Cu precipitates with Cu-rich concentrations, in a binary Fe-Cu alloy, are mechanically unstable, which is consistent with APT observations showing significant quantities of Fe in Cu precipitates with about 2-nm radius. [20,27,28,30,58,59] Nickel and Mn spherical shell enrichment has been observed for model Fe-Cu-Ni and Fe-Cu-Ni-Mn steels, [30,58,59,[62][63][64] but the concomitant enrichment in Al is a new result. Approximately equal proportions of Ni and Al in the spherical shell surrounding the Cu-rich core at 100 hours of aging may possibly be related to formation of a B2 ordered intermetallic phase.…”

Section: Atom-probe Tomographymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…pct. [30] Previous atom-probe studies of thermally aged Fe-Cubased alloys have consistently detected significant amounts of Fe in Cu-rich precipitates about 2 nm in radius, in both binary Fe-Cu alloys [20,58] and multicomponent Fe-Cu-based alloys. [27,28,30,59] Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), [56,60] using indirect methods that involve magnetic scattering for deconvoluting the precipitate composition, however, suggests a much smaller amount of Fe of up to 10 at.…”

Section: Atom-probe Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Strength Low-Carbon Ferritic Steel Containing Cu-Fe-Ni-Al-Mn Precipitates

Vaynman

Isheim

Kolli³

et al. 2008

Metall Mater Trans A

110

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An investigation of a low-carbon, Fe-Cu-based steel, for Naval ship hull applications, with a yield strength of 965 MPa, Charpy V-notch absorbed impact-energy values as high as 74 J at -40°C, and an elongation-to-failure greater than 15 pct, is presented. The increase in strength is derived from a large number density (approximately 10 23 to 10 24 m -3 ) of copper-iron-nickelaluminum-manganese precipitates. The effect on the mechanical properties of varying the thermal treatment was studied. The nanostructure of the precipitates found within the steel was characterized by atom-probe tomography. Additionally, initial welding studies show that a brittle heat-affected zone is not formed adjacent to the welds.

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Section: Atom-probe Tomographymentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Atom-probe Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Strength Low-Carbon Ferritic Steel Containing Cu-Fe-Ni-Al-Mn Precipitates

Vaynman

Isheim

Kolli³

et al. 2008

Metall Mater Trans A

110

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“…The copper precipitates that contribute to strengthening in steels have a metastable BCC structure, which are fully coherent with the matrix having an average diameter of 1-5 nm [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The strengthening mechanism has been described by the Russell-Brown model [20] based on the interaction between the matrix slip dislocation and the second phase [20].…”

Section: Copper Precipitation Strengtheningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer-aided design of transformation toughened blast resistant naval hull steels: Part I

Saha

Olson

2007

J Computer-Aided Mater Des

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A systematic approach to computer-aided materials design has formulated a new class of ultratough, weldable secondary hardened plate steels combining new levels of strength and toughness while meeting processability requirements. A theoretical design concept integrated the mechanism of precipitated nickel-stabilized dispersed austenite for transformation toughening in an alloy strengthened by combined precipitation of M 2 C carbides and BCC copper both at an optimal ∼3 nm particle size for efficient strengthening. This concept was adapted to plate steel design by employing a mixed bainitic/martensitic matrix microstructure produced by air-cooling after solution-treatment and constraining the composition to low carbon content for weldability. With optimized levels of copper and M 2 C carbide formers based on a quantitative strength model, a required alloy nickel content of 6.5 wt% was predicted for optimal austenite stability for transformation toughening at the desired strength level of 160 ksi (1,100 MPa) yield strength. A relatively high Cu level of 3.65 wt% was employed to allow a carbon limit of 0.05 wt% for good weldability, without causing excessive solidification microsegregation.

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“…The observed hardening in the ternary alloy has been attributed to the grain refinement effect due to addition of Ni, rather than influence of Ni on aging. [28,29] Figure 11 shows the variation of hardness values for various Cu-containing DAC steels with aging time (hours) at 500°C aging temperature. While 1.5Cu-Ti-B steel exhibits the peak-aged hardness (249 VHN) after ¼ hour of aging, the Ni-containing 1.5Cu-Ti-B steel exhibits the peak-aged hardness (227 VHN) after 1 hour of aging.…”

Section: F Age-hardening Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of High-Strength Cu-Ni-Ti-B Multiphase Steel by Direct Air Cooling

Ghosh

Haldar

Ganguly

et al. 2008

Metall Mater Trans A

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The present study concerns development of high-strength low-carbon Cu-Ni-Ti-B multiphase steels in the as-hot-rolled condition. An attempt has been made to predict the microstructural evolution of the chosen steels during continuous cooling transformation by artificial neural network modeling as well as dilatometric study. Experimental results have demonstrated that direct air cooling of the hot-rolled Cu-Ni-Ti-B steel resulted in a microstructure containing intercritical ferrite and finer low-temperature transformation products of austenite. An attractive strength-ductility combination was achieved in the case of as-hot-rolled Cu-Ni-Ti-B steel with a dual-phase-like microstructure. Age hardening of the steels has further enhanced the mechanical properties. Analysis of the work-hardening behavior by differential Jaoult-Crussard (J-C) analysis has revealed the effect of aging on the work-hardening behavior.

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A study of the precipitation of copper particles in a ferrite matrix

Cited by 141 publications

References 2 publications

High-Strength Low-Carbon Ferritic Steel Containing Cu-Fe-Ni-Al-Mn Precipitates

High-Strength Low-Carbon Ferritic Steel Containing Cu-Fe-Ni-Al-Mn Precipitates

Computer-aided design of transformation toughened blast resistant naval hull steels: Part I

Development of High-Strength Cu-Ni-Ti-B Multiphase Steel by Direct Air Cooling

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