A study of the structure of feathers, with reference to their taxonomic significance

Abstract

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Hidden keys to survival: the type, density, pattern and functional role of emperor penguin body feathers

“…No prior studies have specifically identified filoplumes in emperor penguins, and other sources state they are absent in penguins and other non-flying birds such as ostriches [13,22,23]. In flying birds, filoplumes are present on the wing plumage and appear to play a role in avian flight [21].…”

“…They are believed to play a sensory role in alerting flying birds to displaced wing feathers [21]. Past studies have not found filoplumes present in penguin plumage [13]. Other reports also suggest filoplumes are absent in penguins and other non-flying birds, but methods for determining that penguins lack filoplumes were not discussed [22,23].…”

“…Afterfeathers are attached to contour feathers, while plumules are separate feathers that attach directly to the skin. Although an early study of penguin feathers reported uniform distribution of both plumules and contour feathers in penguins as a taxonomic order [13], more recent studies omit any reference to plumules and their role in insulation [9,11,[14][15][16]. The impressive thermal qualities of penguin body feathers have prompted modelling studies and inspired potential future applications [9,14,[17][18][19][20].…”

Multiple Origins of the Ciconiiformes

“…Nitzsch placed the herons and Eurypyga in a "family" Erodii, separate from the storks. Chandler (1916) stressed what he considered to be great similarity in the feather structure of herons and Eurypyga.…”

Inferência filogenética em gaviões buteoninos (Aves: Accipitridae), com base em caracteres osteológicos cranianos

“…Muitos estudos posteriores reconheceram certa artificialidade em se aproximar gaviões de corujas (Pycraft, 1902;Chandler, 1916;Wetmore, 1930;Peters, 1931;Sibley & Ahlquist, 1990), levando ao reconhecimento de duas ordens distintas:…”