A Study of the Thermochemical Conditions in the Exhaust Manifold Using Secondary Air in a 2.0 L Engine

Hernández, Juan Luis; Herding, G.; Carstensen, Asmus; Spicher, Ulrich

doi:10.4271/2002-01-1676

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Rate parameters of reactions (1,2,(4)(5)(6)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) were chosen from recent studies on reaction kinetics between C 1 -C 2 species with nitrogen containing compounds [62]- [70] and are different from those used by Glaude et al [7] for the same reactions. Rate parameters of reactions (3) and (7) have been adjusted in order to obtain satisfactory simulation results.…”

Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of autoignition and NO sensitization for the oxidation of IC engine surrogate fuels

Anderlohr

Bounaceur

Cruz

et al. 2009

Combustion and Flame

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International audienceThis paper presents an approch for modeling with one single kinetic mechanism the chemistry of the autoignition and combustion processes inside an internal combustion engine, as well as the chemical kinetics governing the post-oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons in engine exhaust gases. Therefore a new kinetic model was developed, valid over a wide range of temperatures including the negative temperature coefficient regime. The model simulates the autoignition and the oxidation of engine surrogate fuels composed of n-heptane, iso-octane and toluene, which are sensitized by the presence of nitric oxides. The new model was obtained from previously published mechanisms for the oxidation of alkanes and toluene where the coupling reactions describing interactions between hydrocarbons and NOx were added. The mechanism was validated against a wide range of experimental data obtained in jet-stirred reactors, rapid compression machines, shock tubes and homogenous charge compression ignition engines. Flow rate and sensitivity analysis were performed in order to explain the low temperature chemical kinetics, especially the impact of NOx on hydrocarbon oxidation

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Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The post combustion takes place in the exhaust pipe between the combustion chamber and the catalytic converter. The heat released due to the oxidation of the UHC heats up the catalytic converter and therefore reduces the time taken for the catalytic converter to reach its light-off temperature [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of autoignition and NO sensitization for the oxidation of IC engine surrogate fuels

Anderlohr

Bounaceur

Cruz

et al. 2009

Combustion and Flame

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show abstract

“…There are a number of methods used to reduce the light-off time by increasing the exhaust gas temperatures such as retarded spark timing, higher idle speeds, artificial loading of the engine, secondary air injection and l control. [2][3][4][5] Early exhaust valve opening can also be used to increase the exhaust gas temperature facilitated via variable valve actuation, but a study by Bohac and Assanis 6 found that, although the gas temperatures were increased, any benefits attributed to earlier catalyst light-off were negated by significant increases in the cylinder-out HC emissions. Measures taken to reduce the light-off times after the engine start are often referred to as 'catalyst light-off strategies' or 'catalyst heating strategies'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and empirical modelling to assess and predict the impact of catalyst light-off strategies on the exhaust gas temperatures of spark ignition engines

Bannister

Taylor

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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In order to conform to stringent emissions legislation, three-way catalysts have been routinely fitted to gasolinepowered vehicles in order to reduce the emissions of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. In Europe the majority of all personal car journeys are less than 4 km in length, with the emissions produced in the first kilometre accounting for 80% of the total emissions produced in that journey. This is due to the time taken for the catalyst to attain 'light-off' signified by the point at which a catalyst reaches a sufficiently high temperature to allow chemical reactions to occur. There are a number of methods used to reduce the light-off time such as retarded spark timing, higher idle speeds, artificial loading of the engine, secondary air injection and l control. While numerous studies have investigated light-off strategies in isolation, or in limited combinations, this study is the first in the open literature to examine all the above factors simultaneously and to assess how their impacts on the exhaust gas temperatures varies with the distance away from the exhaust ports. Experimental work was undertaken in order to generate empirical models to predict the effects of the catalyst heating strategies of gasoline engines on the light-off times of the production three-way catalyst and the exhaust gas temperatures at various distances along the exhaust system up to, and including, the inlet to the catalyst. The empirical model demonstrated good accuracy with errors in the temperature predictions, when compared with experimental data, found to be, on average, less than 20.6% at the pre-catalyst location.

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Effects of Secondary Air on Global Hydrocarbon Consumption Rates in Engine Exhaust Gas

Huang

Sung

Eng

2005

Combustion Science and Technology

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A Study of the Thermochemical Conditions in the Exhaust Manifold Using Secondary Air in a 2.0 L Engine

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Modeling of autoignition and NO sensitization for the oxidation of IC engine surrogate fuels

Modeling of autoignition and NO sensitization for the oxidation of IC engine surrogate fuels

Analysis and empirical modelling to assess and predict the impact of catalyst light-off strategies on the exhaust gas temperatures of spark ignition engines

Effects of Secondary Air on Global Hydrocarbon Consumption Rates in Engine Exhaust Gas

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