A Study of the Weld Zones on Explosive Cladded Titan12/Ss 304 L Plates

Abstract

Explosive cladding is a non-conventional, solid-phase bonding technique in which bonding between two plates is produced by their high velocity collision induced by the use of explosives. Attempts were made to explosive clad Titanium-Stainless steel (SS 304 L) plates (3.5 and 3.0 mm thick respectively). The experiments were designed to analyze the bonding interface parallel to the detonation direction. The presence of intermetallics, caused by the melting at the interface due to kinetic energy dissipation, was observed in some locations. The process parameters of the explosive welding of Titanium-Stainless steel combination are defined using the microstructural observations, microhardness at the interface, the results of X-ray diffraction study. A weldability window is also constructed for explosive welding of Ti /Ss.

An overview on the microstructure and properties of Fe/Ti based dissimilar joints

“…From the measured hardness in base and flyer plates before and after EC and at the interface post cladding (Figure 10) in various Fe/Ti EC, consistent observations are (a) higher hardness at the interface due to intermetallic phases [80,82,83,85,87–90] and (b) increase in hardness in SS, due to deformation induced structural changes [90,95]. Figure 11 shows UTS and % elongation for various Fe/Ti systems.…”

“…In addition, microstructural features such as decarburised layer, adiabatic shear bands, recovery and recrystallisation are reported in X65 steel/CP-Ti bimetallic sheets [83]. However sparse presence of embrittling phases did not affect the quality of EC [87].…”

“…Studying the interrelationship between cladding parameters (flyer plate thickness and velocity, nature of explosive, stand-off distance and explosive load ratio (R)) and their influence on interface morphology helped in establishing welding window for dissimilar materials [74,79,[84][85][86][87]93]. Present authors carried out systematic investigations on the effect of R on the interface morphology of MS/Ti EC [82].…”

Explosive cladding and post-weld heat treatment of mild steel and titanium

“…Table 2 summarises the parameters used for the process. The impact velocity at each load ratio (R) is measured by using the equation (1) given below [17]:…”

A Review on Welding of AISI 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel

“…Raghukandan et al [31] attempted to explosive clad Titanium-Stainless steel (SS 304L) plates of thickness 3.5 and 3 mm respectively. The experiments were designed to anlyse the bonding interface parallel to the detonation direction.…”