A study of treatment compliance of dog bite cases reporting to anti-rabies clinic of M.K.C.G Medical College, Odisha, India

Abstract

Background: Rabies a dreadful disease can easily be prevented by immediate wound care, vaccination and immunoglobin administration. Prognosis depends on the promptness of initiation, regularity and completion of treatment, determined by patient’s compliance. It partly depends on the patience and devotion of doctor for counselling the patient. The objectives of the study were to assess the treatment compliance of dog bite cases attending tertiary care centre for post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of Rabies. Methods: It is a record based longitudinal study, conducted in Anti- Rabies Clinic of M.K.C.G Medical College from January 2016 to July 2016. Patients registered on first visit followed up to the 4th dose, the last cases registered on June 15th was followed up to July31st to declare it as completed, delayed or defaulted as decided. Results: Total 1658 cases were registered during the study period. Most of them were male (73.8%) and ≤20 yrs of age. 1222 cases (73.7%) completed treatment, out of which 793 cases completed on schedule and 429 cases delayed the doses. 436 (26.3%) cases had defaulted treatment i.e. missed one or more dose. Significant associations were found between treatment completion status and place of residence, education and age of the participants. Reporting within 1 day of the bite is associated with better compliance to PEP, showing their good health seeking behaviour. Completion rate was significantly higher in category III cases. Conclusions: Intensive counselling needs to be done on day 1 and day 7th day of vaccination.

Compliance to post-exposure prophylaxis among patients attending anti-rabies vaccination clinic in a tertiary health care centre in central India: a cross sectional study

“…In this study, cases of animal bites were more in males than females, similar to findings of Sharma et al 7 We also found that the majority of patients that is 89% were exposed to dog bites, similar to the findings of Karmakar et al and Nishant et al but more than findings by Gadapani et al [8][9][10] In our study, lower limb was the most commonly injured site in 59.3% patients and similar findings were observed in a study conducted by Domple et al 11 In the present study, 45 (15.7%) patients did not wash wound after bite as compared to study by Kawale et al where 3206 (53%) did not manage their wound. 12 In our study, it was seen that 78% of patients completed all doses of ARV which was similar to findings of Lilare et al and Jena et al 6,13 The compliance to ARV in our study was more than findings by Nishant et al , Titoria et al and Praveen et al 9,14,15 Compliance to RIG in our study was 63.3% which is in accordance with findings by Kawale et al and Datta et al 12,16 There was significant association between compliance to ARV last dose with the type of animal. Similar results were found in a study conducted by Shivasakthimani et al and Wadde et al 17,18 There was significant association found between compliance to RIG with gender, socioeconomic status, type of animal and type of wound.…”

A dog bite study in a dog rabies-affected area in South Africa

“…This finding is in contrast with what has been generally observed before, that is, that men are proportionally more affected than women. 18,19,20 The reasoning for this difference was not investigated in this study. Importantly, it is an indication for the need to analyse site-specific data to determine the risk groups and their characteristics which should not be universally accepted based on studies involving other study populations.…”

“…Dog bite surveys have been used to report on the epidemiology of dog bites, to determine the knowledge and practices (including adherence) for rabies PEP and to provide data for the estimation of human rabies cases. 18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25 In South Africa, active transmission cycles of the rabies virus in domestic dogs have been reported in the mid-20th century. 26 The history of dog rabies control in South Africa is characterised by intermittent success and also failures resulting in outbreaks and consequently also human cases.…”