A study of volatility by composition, heating, and dilution measurements of secondary organic aerosol from 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene

Sato, Kei; Fujitani, Yuji; Inomata, Satoshi; Morino, Yu; Toko, Kiyoshi; Hikida, Toshihide; Shimono, Atsushi; Takami, Akinori; Fushimi, Akihiro; Kondo, Yoshinori; Igarashi, Takashi; Tanimoto, Hiroshi; Sugata, Seiji

doi:10.5194/acp-19-14901-2019

Cited by 23 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…As the concentration of 1,3,5-TMB is much higher than that of n-dodecane in both the gasoline compositions and ambient air, the initial concentration ratio of 1,3,5-TMB and n-dodecane in this work is about 10 : 1 (ppbv). Schauer et al (2002) reported that 1,3,5-TMB and n-dodecane in the gasoline composition were about 7450 and 136 µg g −1 , respectively; Gentner et al (2012) reported that the weight percentages of 1,3,5-TMB and n-dodecane in liquid gasoline were 0.530-0.881 and 0.004-0.045 (% weight by carbon), respectively. According to field observations in China, the measured 1,3,5-TMB concentration at the rural site in the YelRD (Yellow River Delta) region in 2017 could reach 1.447 ppb , and the measured C 12 alkane concentration was 0.122 ± 0.12 ppb in the PRD (Pearl River Delta) region and 0.129 ± 0.086 ppb in the NCP (North China Plain) region in 2018 (Wang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation from the photo-oxidation of mixed anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Vehicular exhaust is one of the important contribution sources of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban areas. Long-chain alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons are included in gaseous organic pollutants of vehicle emissions, representative of diesel and gasoline vehicles respectively. In this work, the SOA production from individual anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) (n-dodecane, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) and mixed AVOCs (n-dodecane + 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) was studied with a large-scale outdoor smog chamber. Results showed that the SOA formation from the mixed AVOCs was enhanced compared to the predicted SOA mass concentration based on the SOA yield of individual AVOCs. According to the results of mass spectrometry analysis with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-ToF-MS), interaction occurred between intermediate products from the two precursors, which could be the main reason for the enhanced SOA production from the mixed AVOC reaction system. The study results could improve our understanding about the contribution of representative precursors from vehicular exhaust to the formation of SOA in urban areas. This study also indicates that further studies on SOA chemistry from the mixed VOC reaction system are needed, as the interactions between them and the effect on SOA formation can give us a further understanding of the SOA formed in the atmosphere.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation from the photo-oxidation of mixed anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Our observations show good agreement with ion formulas observed in these experiments, with divergence at significantly higher NOx conditions (Hammes et al, 2019). This includes observations of ions such as C9H12O(2-8) (Molteni et al, 2018) alongside ions observed by LC-ToF-MS (Sato et al, 2012(Sato et al, , 2019 which were all important in our experiments (Table S1). Ring retention was previously found to 500 contribute ~ 25 % of SOA mass from a study 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene under elevated NOx conditions which were attributed to BPR, phenolic and benzaldehyde channels despite low ring-retaining concentrations in the gas phase, consistent with our observations.…”

Section: Ring-retaining Productsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In this study we investigate a range of isomers of C9-aromatics to evaluate this effect in more detail. Of the aromatics studied in these experiments, molecular understanding of SOA products is most well developed for the trimethyl benzene isomers (Huang et al, 2014;Li and Wang, 2014;Sato et al, 2012Sato et al, , 2019. Though other aromatics have been studied, these have either lacked molecular level detail or focused on gas phase oxidation and lacked detailed characterisation of SOA (Chan et al, 2009;Li et al, 2016;Molteni et al, 2018;Ping, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Chemical Composition of Gas and Particle Phase Products of Aromatic Oxidation

Mehra¹,

Wang²,

Krechmer³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOC) are key anthropogenic pollutants emitted to the atmosphere and are important for both ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in urban areas. Recent studies have indicated that aromatic hydrocarbons may follow previously unknown oxidation chemistry pathways, including autoxidation that can lead to the formation of highly oxidised products. In this study we evaluate the gas and particle phase ions formed during the hydroxyl radical oxidation of substituted C9-aromatic isomers (1,3,5-trimethyl benzene, 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene, propyl benzene and isopropyl benzene) and a substituted polyaromatic hydrocarbon (1-methyl naphthalene) under low and medium NOx conditions. The majority of product signal in both gas and particle phases comes from ions which are common to all precursors, though signal distributions are distinct for different VOCs. Gas and particle phase composition are distinct from one another, and comparison with the near explicit gas phase Master Chemical Mechanism (MCMv3.3.1) highlights a range of missing highly oxidised products in the pathways. In the particle phase, the bulk of product signal from all precursors comes from ring scission ions, many of which have undergone further oxidation to form HOMs. Under perturbation of OH oxidation with increased NOx, the contribution of HOM ion signals to the particle phase signal remains elevated for more substituted aromatic precursors. Up to 25 % of product signal comes from ring-retaining ions including highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs); this is most important for the more substituted aromatics. Unique products are a minor component in these systems, and many of the dominant ions have ion formulae concurrent with other systems, highlighting the challenges in utilising marker ions for SOA.

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“…The representative identified products with strong intensity are shown in Figure S2 and Table 2. The identified products are mainly based on the mass spectra and previous related studies (Tsiligiannis et al, 2019;Li et al, 2017a;Sato et al, 2019). Huang et al (2015) reported that the predominant products for aging of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene secondary organic aerosol were organic nitrogen-containing products, aromatic organic acid, oxocarboxylic acid, and oligomer compounds.…”

Section: Enhancement Of Soa Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation from the photo-oxidation of mixed anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

Li¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Motor vehicle exhaust is one of the important contribution sources of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban areas. Long-chain alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons are included in gaseous organic pollutants of vehicle emissions, representative for diesel and gasoline vehicles respectively. In this work, the SOA production from individual anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) (n-dodecane, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) and mixed AVOCs (n-dodecane + 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) were studied with a large-scale outdoor smog chamber. Results showed that the SOA formation from the mixed AVOCs was enhanced compared to the predicted SOA mass concentration based on the SOA yield of individual AVOCs. According to the results of mass spectrometry analysis with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS), interaction occurred between intermediate products from the two precursors, which could be the main reason for the enhanced SOA production from the mixed AVOCs reaction system. This study indicates that further studies on SOA chemistry from the mixed VOCs reaction system are needed, as the interactions between them and the effect on SOA formation can give us a further understanding of the SOA formed in the atmosphere.

show abstract

A study of volatility by composition, heating, and dilution measurements of secondary organic aerosol from 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene

Cited by 23 publications

References 49 publications

Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation from the photo-oxidation of mixed anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation from the photo-oxidation of mixed anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

Evaluation of the Chemical Composition of Gas and Particle Phase Products of Aromatic Oxidation

Enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation from the photo-oxidation of mixed anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

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