:Patients respond in different ways to initial periodontal treatment, and it is difficult to predict the response for each patient.The purpose of this study was to determine the parameters influencing the response by constructing a model to predict the response based on the periodontal parameters at initial examination.Twenty informed and consenting patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were recruited into this study.Periodontal clinical parameters were measured at the initial examination and at each step after treatment.A paired t-test showed that : 1) the probing pocket depth (PPD) significantly decreased after supragingival scaling and pocket irrigation; 2) the PPD significantly decreased compared with the initial PPD after initial periodontal treatment; and 3) the probing attachment level (PAL) significantly decreased after supragingival scaling and pocket irrigation.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed to rank the effect of parameters influencing the decrease in the PPD or PAL, demonstrating that two parameters at initial examination, namely PPD and tooth mobility, significantly influenced the decrease in the PPD after initial periodontal treatment.The result indicated that deeper initial PPD and smaller tooth mobility is associated with a greater decrease in the PPD after initial periodontal treatment.In addition, the influence of the degree of tooth mobility was about half that of the initial PPD.The present study demonstrated for the first time that initial tooth mobility negatively influenced the decrease in PPD after initial periodontal treatment, even when taking the effect of the initial PPD into consideration. Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (J Jpn Soc Periodontol) 51(1):27-37,2009.