A study on gingival component of smile

Morphological features of smile attractiveness and related factors influence perception and gingival aesthetic parameters

“…The process had several stages and may have led to biased results. 24 The ratios of the distance from the GZ and tip of the interdental papilla to the incisal edge of the central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines were 1.80, 1.71, and 2.03, respectively, in a previous study. 25 The ratios on the right side in the current study were 1.76, 1.77, and 1.74, respectively, and on the left side, 1.77, 1.74, and 1.74, respectively.…”

“… 3 Specialists often focus on hard-tissue aesthetics: teeth position, size, shape, and colour but underestimate the critical role of gingival display in constructing an aesthetically pleasing smile. 16 Recently, several studies have been conducted on gingival contours to measure gingiva-related parameters, 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 and the results are highly applicable to clinical dental practice. In addition to healthy gingiva characteristics, clinical parameters of interdental gingiva height, gingival zenith (GZ) point position, gingival line direction, and gingival symmetry are also important.…”

Aesthetic Smile Designing

“…It is of paramount importance that the gingival tissues are in proper health prior to the start of the treatment. Healthy gingiva usually exhibits the following characteristic features: (i) pale pink, stippled, firm in consistency, (ii) located 3 mm above the alveolar crestal bone and (iii) located interdentally, 5 mm above the inter-crestal bone, should be pointed and should fill the gingival embrasure right up to the contact area [5]. Aesthetic Smile Designing DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110465…”

“…The cervical gingival height of the maxillary centrals should be symmetrical and can match that of the canines. The gingival margin of the lateral incisor can be 0.5-2.0 mm short of the central incisors [5,6].…”

Tropical ozone depletion and its correlation with relative sunspot numbers

“…can play a vital role in ozone depletion. The effect of solar activity on ozone variation was first studied by Chakrabarty and Chakrabarty [14] . The variation of ozone with solar flare numbers and solar UVradiation [15] for the period 1967-1987 and 1978-1984, respectively, clearly showed that Antarctic ozone, solar flare number and solar UV-fluxes were maintained by their October values mainly.…”