“…The 2018 Worldwide Governance Indicators data placed the Indonesian government in the 107 th position out of 214 surveyed countries with a governance index score of 46.48, much below Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, and Malaysia (Kaufmann & Kraay, 2019). The data indicate that the Indonesian government still poorly implements good governance that negatively affects various sectors, including the pervasiveness of corruption (Drebee et al, 2020;Rahayuningtyas & Setyaningrum, 2018;Tyagi, 2019), slower economic growth (Al-Bassam, 2013), and public welfare (Keser & Gökmen, 2018), and reduced public trust (Cheung, 2013;Jameel et al, 2019).…”