A study on microstructure development and mechanical properties of pure copper subjected to severe plastic deformation by the ECAP-Conform process

The Cold Angular Rolling Process of Copper Sheets: Unraveling Plastic Deformation Behavior and Unveiling Microstructural Transformations

“…[ 14 ] The twins observed in the present study are therefore anticipated by the recrystallization twinning model due to strain‐induced boundary migration promoted by cyclic thermomechanical processes involving moderate strains and limited annealing for a short time. [ 52 ] Such recrystallized twins are reported on pure Cu processed by HPT for 5 turns, [ 53 ] ECAP for 8 passes followed by HPT for 5 turns, [ 11 ] the rolling‐ECAP process, [ 54 ] ECAP‐conform, [ 55 ] and on Cu alloys including Cu–10 wt% Zn after HPT followed by cold rolling, [ 13 ] Cu–0.2 wt% Mg after continuous extrusion, [ 56 ] and Cu–0.4 wt% Mg after ECAP and cold rolling. [ 57 ]…”

“…For comparison purposes, representative studies on Cu and its alloys processed by these SPD techniques are summarized and compared with the present work. Table 4 shows the summary of the continuous [ 10,54–56,99–111 ] and multiple‐step SPD techniques [ 11,53,57,67–69,71,73,112–124 ] on pure Cu and alloys with the processing condition, imposed strain, final grain size d, achieved hardness value, yield strength , ultimate tensile strength , elongation δ , tensile strain rates applied for acquiring the mechanical properties, and references.…”

“…For comparison purposes, representative studies on Cu and its alloys processed by these SPD techniques are summarized and compared with the present work. Table 4 shows the summary of the continuous [10,[54][55][56][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111] and multiple-step SPD techniques [11,53,57,[67][68][69]71,73,[112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124] on pure Cu and alloys with the processing condition, imposed strain, final 2020) [54] Cu (99.99%) SRAR (%15 mm s À1 , route A, 6 passes) %0.6 per pass 5.2 100-120 343.7 388.5 13.9 1.0 Â 10 À3 Lee et al ( 2018), [105] (2019) [106] Cu (99.99%) SRAR (%15 mm s À1 , route C, 6 passes) 2020) [107] Cu-0.…”

“…Figure 13. A conventional plot of yield strength versus ductility illustrating the relationship between yield strength and ductility generated by adapting a previously published plot [16] for pure Cu and alloys after continuous [10,[54][55][56][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111] and multiple-step SPD processes. [11,53,57,[67][68][69]71,73,[112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124] The white circles are a set of representative datum points for Cu after different cold rolling percentages, [16] Cu alloys from the database [127] are shown in gray, and a dotted curve shows a border for the classic strength and ductility limit for general Cu alloys.…”

Ultrafine Grain Ferrite Transformed from Fine Austenite Grains Produced by Dynamic Reversal Transformation

“…Moreover, the nanoscale ferrite grains were obtained by severe plastic deformation (SPD), with the true strain about 4.0 [22], which obviously were difficult to achieve under the current production conditions. In this research, the strain is less than that of SPD, and the scale of ferrite grains is less than that of Ref.…”