A study on preparation of modified Graphene Oxide and flame retardancy of polystyrene composite microspheres

Wang, Yazhen; Qing, Yingbo; Sun, Yu; Zhu, Meng; Dong, Shaobo

doi:10.1080/15685551.2020.1720934

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The loading of h‐SiO 2 was varied from 0 to 2 wt% and the optimum fire retardance was observed at 0.5 wt% of silica, above which the fire retardance performance deteriorated. In another study, Wang et al 9 prepared a fire retardant graphehe oxide‐9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxygen‐heterooxy‐10‐phosphoro‐10‐oxygen to increase the flame retardance and thermal stability of PS composites. Korobeinichev et al 10 studied the thermal degradation kinetics of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene using triphenyl phosphate (TPP) as a flame retardant in an inert and oxidative medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene coatings using a nonvolatile additive

Rawat

Ahuja

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The use of plasticizer has been extensively studied for enhancing the flexibility, processability, solubility, and vapor permeability of polymeric materials. However, its use in enhancing drying of polymeric coatings has been scarcely studied. In the present work, the optimization of plasticizer loading for drying characteristics and residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene polymeric coatings has been investigated. Coatings were prepared by solution casting technique at various triphenyl phosphate (TPP) loadings from 0 to 7.50 wt% for two cases of initial solution volumes of 75 and 125 μl. For these two cases, respectively, the minimum residual solvent values of 0.02% and 1.61% were obtained, both at 2.50 wt% TPP loading. However, the two cases exhibited residual solvent values of 2.32% and 4.45% at 0 wt% TPP. Further, the SEM results also showed that at 2.50 wt% TPP loading, the coatings developed a dense, smooth and defect‐free morphology attributed to their minimized residual solvent content. The coatings, however, had a porous and phase‐separated morphology originally at 0 wt% TPP. The variation of residual solvent, coating thickness and drying rate with plasticizer loading followed the same behavior for different initial solution volumes. All these parameters attained their peak values consistently at 2.50 wt% TPP. The study is first of its kind to indicate massive reduction in residual solvent attributed to the addition of a nonvolatile plasticizer. TPP also imparts flame retardance to inherently inflammable polystyrene thereby facilitating its implementation in electronic devices. The obtained coatings have possible applications in electronics, electro‐optics, and food packaging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene coatings using a nonvolatile additive

Rawat

Ahuja

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In this context, we highlight that the most recent developments concerning (i) sensors for NO 2 using polystyrene beads decorated with graphene were reported by H. Fei et al [29]; additionally, (ii) the flame retardants for the expandable PS, of the phosphorous-based compound-modified GO sheets type, were synthetized by Y.Z. Wang et al [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Optical Properties of Composites Based on Graphene Oxide and Polystyrene

et al. 2020

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In this work, new optical properties of composites based on polystyrene (PS) microspheres and graphene oxide (GO) are reported. The radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of benzoyl peroxide, pentane and GO induces the appearance of new ester groups in the PS macromolecular chains remarked through an increase in the absorbance of the infrared (IR) band at 1743 cm−1. The decrease in the GO concentration in the PS/GO composites mass from 5 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% induces a diminution in the intensities of the D and G Raman bands of GO simultaneous with a down-shift of the D band from 1351 to 1322 cm−1. These variations correlated with the covalent functionalization of the GO layers with PS. For the first time, the photoluminescent (PL) properties of PS/GO composites are reported. The PS microspheres are characterized by a PL band at 397 nm. Through increasing the GO sheets’ concentration in the PS/GO composite mass from 0.5 wt.% to 5 wt.%, a PS PL quenching process is reported. In addition, in the presence of ultraviolet A (UVA) light, a photo-degradation process of the PS/GO composite having the GO concentration equal to 5 wt.% is demonstrated by the PL studies.

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“…Meanwhile, the solution mixing begins with the dispersion of the additives in a polymeric solution followed by a controlled solvent evaporation and a composite film casting [ 52 ]. The organic and inorganic compounds, multi-component formulations, and a range of nanomaterials are used as the additive FRs for different sub-classes of styrenic polymers [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ...…”

Section: Fire Retardation Of Styrenic Polymers With Phosphorous-comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, both the tensile and the impact strength of the PS/FGO composites were reduced when the loading of FGO grew from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% [ 84 ]. Similarly, the functional modification of GO was carried out with the aid of DOPO to obtain the fire-retardant PS composite microspheres [ 85 ]. The gaseous phase free radical quenching of the functionalised DOPO and the condensed phase catalytic carbonisation effect of the GO sheets contributed to the overall enhancement of the fire safety of the polymer [ 85 ].…”

Section: Fire Retardation Of Styrenic Polymers With Phosphorous-comentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive and Additive Modifications of Styrenic Polymers with Phosphorus-Containing Compounds and Their Effects on Fire Retardance

Baby¹,

Tretsiakova-McNally²,

Arun

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Polystyrene, despite its high flammability, is widely used as a thermal insulation material for buildings, for food packaging, in electrical and automotive industries, etc. A number of modification routes have been explored to improve the fire retardance and boost the thermal stability of commercially important styrene-based polymeric products. The earlier strategies mostly involved the use of halogenated fire retardants. Nowadays, these compounds are considered to be persistent pollutants that are hazardous to public and environmental health. Many well-known halogen-based fire retardants, regardless of their chemical structures and modes of action, have been withdrawn from built environments in the European Union, USA, and Canada. This had triggered a growing research interest in, and an industrial demand for, halogen-free alternatives, which not only will reduce the flammability but also address toxicity and bioaccumulation issues. Among the possible options, phosphorus-containing compounds have received greater attention due to their excellent fire-retarding efficiencies and environmentally friendly attributes. Numerous reports were also published on reactive and additive modifications of polystyrene in different forms, particularly in the last decade; hence, the current article aims to provide a critical review of these publications. The authors mainly intend to focus on the chemistries of phosphorous compounds, with the P atom being in different chemical environments, used either as reactive, or additive, fire retardants in styrene-based materials. The chemical pathways and possible mechanisms behind the fire retardance are discussed in this review.

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A study on preparation of modified Graphene Oxide and flame retardancy of polystyrene composite microspheres

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene coatings using a nonvolatile additive

Residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene coatings using a nonvolatile additive

Optical Properties of Composites Based on Graphene Oxide and Polystyrene

Reactive and Additive Modifications of Styrenic Polymers with Phosphorus-Containing Compounds and Their Effects on Fire Retardance

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