Background of the problem
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have replaced
communicable diseases as the most common causes of
1 morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Of 56.4 million
global deaths in 2015, 70% (39.5 million) were due to
noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). In 2015, over three
quarters of NCD deaths i.e., 30.7 million occurred in low and
middle income countries with about 48% of deaths occurring
before the age of 70 years in these countries. The leading
causes of NCD deaths in 2015 were cardiovascular diseases
(17.7 million deaths, or 45% of all NCD deaths), cancers (8.8
million, or 22% of all NCD deaths), and respiratory diseases,
including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary
2 diseases (3.9 million). Deaths due to Non communicable
diseases are projected to increase from 38 million in 2012 to 52
1 million by 2030.