A study on terrain-induced tropical cyclone looping in East Taiwan: case study of Typhoon Haitang in 2005

Yeh, Tien-Chiang; Hsiao, Ling-Feng; Chen, Der-Song; Huang, Kangning

doi:10.1007/s11069-011-9876-7

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They also showed that the inner‐core asymmetric flow leads to sharp southward and northward turns before and after landfall respectively. Yeh et al (2011) found that the southward deflection of Supertyphoon Haitang was caused by interaction with a cyclonic vortex induced over the southeastern part of Taiwan in a way similar to binary vortex interaction, which further explained the unsolved problem of the TC turning east and then north to form a looping track. In studying the effect of terrain height, Yang et al , (2008) found that when the height is reduced the TC track has a circular loop on the eastern side of the CMR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Idealized simulations of the effect of Taiwan and Philippines topographies on tropical cyclone tracks

Tang

Chan

2013

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of topography on tropical cyclone (TC) tracks are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model running on a beta plane with actual topography. Two sets of experiments are performed, one focusing on Taiwan topography and the other on the Philippines. In each set, different parts of the terrain are set to be either present or absent and the TCs are inserted at a location southeast of the mountain so that landfall occurs at the central part of the mountain in the no-terrain (control) cases. Relative to the control case, a pair of terrain-induced gyres is found in all with-terrain experiments. This pair of gyres rotates cyclonically around the TC and the gyre-associated flow near the TC centre causes a northward deflection of the TC track prior to landfall. An examination of the potential vorticity tendencies (PVTs) suggests that, in addition to the PVT produced by this flow, the PVT from diabatic heating cannot be ignored in explaining the TC track during landfall. The asymmetric diabatic heating is significant, which tends to retard the fast displacement of the TC caused by horizontal advection. This diabatic heating distribution results from three different mechanisms: an incursion of dry air from the mountain, low-level convergence induced by the terrain-altered wind field in the southwestern part of the TC and the development of convergence cyclonically inward from the eastern side of the mountain to the TC core. However, the first two mechanisms are apparently missing in the Philippine experiments because of the lower height and the moister air over the mountains on Luzon Island.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Idealized simulations of the effect of Taiwan and Philippines topographies on tropical cyclone tracks

Tang

Chan

2013

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, Kuo et al (2001) suggests that the effect of topographic vortex stretching by the typhoon circulation across the CMR may cause the typhoon vortex to move southward before landfall. Yeh et al (2011) used numerical model experiments to study the looping track of Typhoon Haitang (2005), and showed that the interaction of the typhoon with a typhoon induced secondary vortex may also contribute to this looping behavior. An example of a post-landfall dominate case is Typhoon Morakot (2009), which possessed the highest recorded rainfall in Taiwan in the past 51 years.…”

Section: Central Mountain Range Impact On the Typhoon Extreme Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Typhoon Extreme Rainfall in Taiwan

Su¹,

Kuo

Hsu

et al. 2012

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme typhoon rainfall in Taiwan using Central Weather Bureau hourly precipitation data from 21 surface stations during the past 51 years . Extreme rainfall is defined as 95th percentile intensity of total rain events, or equivalently, rain events greater than 9 mm hr -1 which contribute 40% to the total rain amount in Taiwan. It was found that approximately 70% (20%) of extreme rain is in the typhoon season (Mei-Yu) from July to October (from May to June). There are significant variations of typhoon extreme rainfall over the annual and decadal time scales, with larger extreme rainfall values and events in the periods of 1960-1976 and 1994-2010, and less in the 1977-1993 period. The recent 1994-2009 period has the most extreme rainfall and events, as well as, inter-annual variability. In contrast, there are strong inter-annual variations of Mei-Yu extreme rainfall, but no significant decadal variations. The averaged typhoon rain intensity, however, is about the same, being 19 mm hr -1 in all these three periods. Our analysis indicates that the typhoon extreme rainfall spatial pattern is phased locked with the Central Mountain Range, Taiwan. In general, the amount of extreme rainfall was related to the typhoon translation speed and duration time, but not typhoon intensity. Slower speeds and longer duration time lead to larger extreme rainfall values. Our analysis also indicate that the mean duration time of Taiwan landfall typhoons with northern tracks (tracks north of 23 degrees latitude) is about 3 hours longer than that of southern track typhoons in the last 51 years, and is more likely to produce three times as much extreme rainfall. The interactions of summer or winter monsoons with typhoons are also important factors that may contribute to the extreme rainfall in Taiwan. Examples of extreme rainfall due to typhoon circulation interaction with summer and winter monsoon flows are presented. Monsoon water vapor supply, typhoon slow translation speed, and mesoscale convection due to typhoon-monsoon flow interactions are the key factors in extreme precipitation events.

show abstract

“…They also showed that the southward deflection is less significant if the TC incident angle and the TC translation speed are changed. Yeh et al () found that a low‐level cyclonic vortex induced on the lee side of the mountain leads to the near‐shore southward deflection in a way similar to the binary vortex interaction when Typhoon Haitang (2005) was close to Taiwan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idealized simulations of the effect of Taiwan topography on the tracks of tropical cyclones with different steering flow strengths

Tang

Chan

2016

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is the fourth part of a study on the effect of topography on tropical cyclone (TC) tracks. In previous parts, idealized simulations were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting model to investigate the underlying mechanisms for the upstream deflection and the local and remote topography effect on TCs with different sizes. None of these simulations included any background flow. In this part, uniform easterly steering flows of 5 and 10 m s−1 are introduced to study the track changes under such conditions. Lee vortices are generated downstream of the Taiwan topography by the steering flow. The TC–terrain‐induced gyres found in the previous parts also develop when the TC circulation begins to interact with the topography and subsequently dominate over Taiwan. The cyclonic gyre merges with the cyclonic lee vortex induced by the steering flow and the anticyclonic gyre is advected cyclonically around the TC centre, which later deflects the TC. Because the circulation at the outer radii of a TC ‘competes’ with the steering flow, a smaller TC under a stronger steering flow has to move closer to Taiwan in order to generate such gyres. This ‘delayed’ generation of the gyres then leads to the ‘delayed’ onset of the northward deflection for such a TC. For a large TC, the circulation at its southern part is weakened by the steering flow so that the track of the anticyclonic terrain‐induced gyre is changed, which results in a larger track deflection of the TC.

show abstract

A study on terrain-induced tropical cyclone looping in East Taiwan: case study of Typhoon Haitang in 2005

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Idealized simulations of the effect of Taiwan and Philippines topographies on tropical cyclone tracks

Idealized simulations of the effect of Taiwan and Philippines topographies on tropical cyclone tracks

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Typhoon Extreme Rainfall in Taiwan

Idealized simulations of the effect of Taiwan topography on the tracks of tropical cyclones with different steering flow strengths

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About