A Study on the Correlation of Milk Yield of Cows with Seismicity and ULF Magnetic Field Variations

Hayakawa, Masashi; Asano, Tomokazu; Schekotov, A.; Yamauchi, Hiroyuki

doi:10.4236/ojer.2016.54017

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…This value seems to be sufficiently high for short-term EQ prediction purposes, even when compared with those of some promising candidates of electromagnetic effects [6]. Further, [54] have investigated the correlation of cows' milk yields with seismicity and ULF magnetic field variations, and their conclusion is that these cows' milk yields show a depletion about 17-18 days before an EQ, and it was also found that ULF lithospheric radiation happens, at least, during the period of low milk yields of dairy cows. Finally, we can say from our previous work that the cows' milk yield change is acceptable as an EQ predictor, but its lead time is very variable at approximately 2-3 weeks.…”

Section: Recent Work On Dairy Cows' Milk Yield Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Animal Behavior as a Possible Candidate of Earthquake Prediction

Hayakawa,

Yamauchi

2024

Applied Sciences

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Short-term (with a lead time of about one week) earthquake (EQ) prediction is one of the most challenging subjects in geoscience and applied science; however, it is highly required by society because it is of essential importance in mitigating the human and economic losses associated with EQs. Electromagnetic precursors have recently been agreed to be the most powerful candidate for short-term prediction, because a lot of evidence has been accumulated on the presence of electromagnetic precursors (not only from the lithosphere, but also from the atmosphere and ionosphere) prior to EQs during the last three decades. On the other hand, unusual animal behavior associated with EQs, which is the main topic of this review, has been investigated as a macroscopic phenomenon for many years, with a much longer history than the study of seismo-electromagnetics. So, in this paper, we first summarize the previous research work on this general unusual animal behavior with reference to its relationship with EQs, and then we pay the greatest attention to our own previous work on dairy cows’ milk yield changes. We recommend this unusual animal behavior as an additional potential tool for short-term EQ prediction, which may be a supplement to the above seismo-electromagnetic effects. Finally, we will present our latest case study (as an example) on unusual changes of cows’ milk yields for a particular recent Tokyo EQ on 7 October 2021, and further propose that electromagnetic effects might be a possible sensory mechanism of unusual animal behavior, suggesting a close link between electromagnetic effects and unusual animal behavior.

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Section: Recent Work On Dairy Cows' Milk Yield Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Animal Behavior as a Possible Candidate of Earthquake Prediction

Hayakawa,

Yamauchi

2024

Applied Sciences

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Review: Can Animals Predict Earthquakes?

Woith

Petersen

Hainzl

et al. 2018

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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In public perception abnormal animal behavior is widely assumed to be a potential earthquake precursor, in strong contrast to the viewpoint in natural sciences. Proponents of earthquake prediction through animals claim that animals feel and react abnormal to small changes in environmental and physico-chemical parameters which are related to the earthquake preparation process. In seismology, however, observational evidence for changes of physical parameters before earthquakes is very weak.In this study we reviewed 180 publications on abnormal animal behavior before earthquakes, and analyze and discuss them with respect to (i) magnitude-distance relations, (ii) foreshock activity, and (iii) the quality and length of the published observations. More than 700 records of claimed animal precursors related to 160 earthquakes are reviewed with unusual behavior of more than 130 species. The precursor time ranges from months to seconds prior to the earthquakes, and the distances from few to hundreds of kilometers. However, only 14 time series were published, while all other records are single observations. The time series are often short (the longest is 1 year), or only small excerpts of the full data set are shown. The probability density of foreshocks and the occurrence of animal precursors are strikingly similar, suggesting that at least part of the reported animal precursors are in fact related to foreshocks. Another major difficulty for a systematic and statistical analysis is the high diversity of data, which are often only anecdotal and retrospective. The study clearly demonstrates strong weaknesses or even deficits in many of the published reports on possible abnormal animal behavior. In order to improve the research on precursors, we suggest a scheme of yes and no questions to be assessed to ensure the quality of such claims.

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A Study on the Correlation of Milk Yield of Cows with Seismicity and ULF Magnetic Field Variations

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Unusual Animal Behavior as a Possible Candidate of Earthquake Prediction

Unusual Animal Behavior as a Possible Candidate of Earthquake Prediction

Review: Can Animals Predict Earthquakes?

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