A study on the evaluation of bite force, prosthetic and nutritional status in adult cleft patients in Kolkata

Abstract

Context: Altered orofacial morphology and poor dental status affects the dietary intake of cleft patient, making susceptible to nutritional imbalance. Oral health care planning for this population is impossible without the evaluation of stomatognathic functional status as well as prosthetic and nutritional status and need. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate prosthetic status and prosthetic treatment need, bite force and nutritional status, in adult cleft patients and to compare them with the adult noncleft population of similar definition. Settings and Design: Cleft ( n = 250) and noncleft ( n = 250) individuals of either sex, aged 18 years or above, excluding severe medically compromised and differently abled, were examined and individual biteforce was measured after obtaining written consent and ethical clearance from the two institutions in Kolkata. Subjects and Methods: A “raw data sheet” was prepared according to the parameters of the “Oral Health Surveys: Basic methods,” World Health Organization (1997) for evaluation of prosthetic status and need, dentition status and Mini-Nutritional Assessment, Nestlé (1994) for the evaluation nutritional status. A Gnathodynamometer was used to record bite force. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.1, Graph Pad Prism version 5, Student's t -test, and Chi-square test. Results: The mean bite force of frontal area in cleft group (3.4356 ± 0.9457 kgf) was found to be significantly lower ( P < 0.0001) than in noncleft (22.8749 ± 5.3644 kgf) group. The difference of mean bite force in the right side (2.4576 ± 0.6131 kgf) and left side (1.2708 ± 0.1036 kgf) in cleft group was found to be statistically significant ( P < 0.0001). Prosthetic need in maxillary arch was found to be significantly (χ 2 : 490.0000; P < 0.0001) higher in cleft than in noncleft group. Nutritional status was observed to be significantly (χ 2 : 179.4049; P < 0.0001) higher “at risk” in cleft than in noncleft group. Conclusions: Lack of adequate Government concern leading to significantly higher prosthetic need and lower prosthetic status, hence lower bite force resulting lower nutritional status in adult cleft patients in Kolkata.

Assessment of the relationship between maximum occlusal force and median mandibular flexure in adults: A clinical trial study

“…To measure the bite force, a U-shaped transducer equipped with a strain gauge as used in previous studies (FLA-5–11, Tokyo Sokki Kenkyujo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). [ 15 ] The machine was calibrated by the unique forces of the universal testing machine (K-21046, Walter-Bai Co., Lohningen, Switzerland). The metal head of the machine was covered with 2-mm-thick rubber pads that prevented tooth damage when applying the force.…”

Comparative evaluation of biting force and chewing efficiency of all-on-four treatment concept with other treatment modalities in completely edentulous individuals

“…[ 7 8 9 10 ] Various methods have been used to assess the efficiency of masticatory system, including the measurement of bite force and masticatory efficiency. [ 11 ] The results of some previous investigations showed a linear relationship between electromyographic activity potentials and direct bite force measurements. [ 12 ]…”

Bite Force, Masticatory Performance, and Nutritional Status of Adult Individuals With Treacher Collins Syndrome

“…Flores-Orozco et al 21 have demonstrated that MP does not seem to be related to NS and BMI in a nonsyndromic population. Contrary to these results, Bera et al 23 have shown that BF is reduced in a cleft population and NS was observed to be significantly higher "at risk" in cleft than in noncleft group.…”