A study on the modification of polypropylene by a star-shaped intumescent flame retardant containing phosphorus and nitrogen

Qin, Youlin; Li, Mingchao; Huang, Tuankang; Shen, Chunhui; Gao, Shanjun

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109801

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Due to the synergistic effect of the different FR elements, the compounds containing multi-elements display better efficiency for enhancing the fire safety of the PC matrix. Consequently, many works have focused on the synthesis of multi-in-one flame retardants, such as P/N [ 15 , 16 ], P/S [ 17 , 18 ], P/Si [ 19 , 20 ], P/S/N [ 21 , 22 ], etc. Chen et al [ 23 ] prepared PC-based composites blended with phosphazene-triazine bi-group flame retardant (A3); the PC/A3 composites reached a V-0 rating and 29.3% of LOI value in the case of 13.5% A3 loading level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A DOPO-Based Compound Containing Aminophenyl Silicone Oil for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate

Song

Cai

et al. 2023

Materials

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A novel P/N/Si-containing flame retardant (marked as DASO) was synthesized through an Atherton–Todd reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide and aminophenyl silicone oil, and further used for reducing fire hazards of polycarbonate (PC). The chemical structure of DASO was verified via FTIR, 1H, and 31P NMR. Upon the incorporation of 2 wt% DASO, the FRPC composite achieved a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 32.2% and a desired UL-94 V-0 rating. In this case, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 26% and 44% as compared with the pure PC, respectively. The improved fire safety contributed to the flame retardant roles of DASO in both the condensed phase and gas phase. The presence of DASO promoted the formation of dense and highly graphited char layer in the condensed phase, and released non-combustible gases and phosphorus-containing radicals in the gas phase. Furthermore, the FRPC composites displayed comparable elongation at break but a slightly reduced tensile and impact strength.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A DOPO-Based Compound Containing Aminophenyl Silicone Oil for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate

Song

Cai

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…[3,4] The most effective method is to directly blend virgin PP with various flame retardants (FRs), such as metal hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, nano clay, graphene, phosphorus/nitrogencontaining intumescent flame retardant, organosiloxane, etc. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Among the various FRs, magnesium hydroxide (MH) has been extensively used as a smoke and toxic-free additive owing to its low cost, high endothermic decomposition temperature, and environmental friendliness. [16] However, as a flame retardant, MH has two fatal disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of expandable graphite on flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and acid resistance of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide composites

Liang

Liu

Guo

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In this work, expandable graphite (EG) was introduced to the composite of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide (PP/MH) by melt compounding, fire performance, thermal degradation behavior, and acid resistance of the PP/MH/EG composites were investigated. The results demonstrate that the flame retardant efficiency of MH is very low by itself and there is a noticeable synergism between MH and EG in PP. The addition of proper EG can enhance flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and acid resistance of the PP/MH composite significantly at the same time.Replacing 8.7 wt% MH with 8.7 wt% EG reduces the filling grade needed for V-0 from 63 wt% MH to 56.5 wt% MH/EG mixture. The presence of EG on the composite surface hinders acid erosion of MH. There is no chemical reaction between MH and EG. Continuous intumescent char can be produced on the composite surface upon combustion, which is responsible for the much-improved flame retardancy and smoke suppression, regardless of the presence of MH on the surface area.

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“…PP (Polypropylene) is one of the most common thermoplastics and extensively used in electronic appliances, automobile manufacturing, and fiber textile fields due to its outstanding mechanical performance, chemical resistance, and easy-processing. [1][2][3][4] Despite its above-mentioned advantages, PP is extremely flammable due to its own structural composition and produces dense smoke and toxic gases during burning process, which poses a serious threat to human life, health and property safety, and greatly limits its wide application in the people's livelihood field. [5,6] In consequence, in order to decrease the fire hazard of PP materials, it is urgent to improve their flameretardant and smoke-suppression properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nickel‐Aluminum Hydrotalcite for Improving Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene: Preparation, Synergy, and Mechanism Study

Jiang

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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Intumescent flame retardants (IFR) are widely used in the field of flame retardant polypropylene (PP), but their flame retardant efficiency and smoke suppression properties need to be further improved. Herein, a Ni-Al LDH (layered double hydroxide) is obtained successfully by coprecipitation and microwave hydrothermal technique and used as a synergist to improve the flame-retardant and smoke-suppression properties of triazine-based IFR. The results showed that IFR/Ni-Al LDH exhibited the best synergistic effect when the IFR is replaced by 5 wt% Ni-Al LDH. 17 wt% IFR/Ni-Al LDH enabled the PP composites to achieve UL-94 V-0 rating with a high LOI of 29.8%. Besides, the introduction of Ni-Al LDH effectively decreased the heat and smoke release of the PP/IFR composites due to its catalytic charring effect. This is mainly attributed that the introduction of metal ions in Ni-Al LDH effectively improved the strength and crosslinking degree of char layer and promoted the formation of a cohesive and dense char layer. The formed high-quality char layer effectively exerted the barrier effect in condensed phase. Therefore, the PP/IFR/Ni-Al LDH composites exhibited excellent flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performance. This investigation provided a facile way to prepare environment-friendly and high-performance flame retardant PP composites with wide application prospects.

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A study on the modification of polypropylene by a star-shaped intumescent flame retardant containing phosphorus and nitrogen

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

A DOPO-Based Compound Containing Aminophenyl Silicone Oil for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate

A DOPO-Based Compound Containing Aminophenyl Silicone Oil for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate

Role of expandable graphite on flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and acid resistance of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide composites

Nickel‐Aluminum Hydrotalcite for Improving Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene: Preparation, Synergy, and Mechanism Study

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