A study on the prevalence and related factors of frailty and pre-frailty in the older population with hypertension in China: A national cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and factors associated with frailty and pre-frailty in elderly Chinese patients with hypertension.BackgroundIn China, there have been few national studies into the prevalence and factors associated with frailty and pre-frailty in elderly patients with hypertension.MethodsThrough the 4th Sample Survey of Aged Population in Urban and Rural China (SSAPUR) in 2015, the situation of hypertension subjects aged 60 years or older in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China was obtained. And the frailty index was constructed based on 33 potential defects, elderly hypertensive patients are classified as robust, frailty, and pre-frailty.ResultsA total of 76,801 elderly patients with hypertension were enrolled in the study. The age-sex standardized prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in hypertensive elderly in China was 16.1% (95%CI 15.8–16.3%), 58.1% (95%CI 57.7–58.4%). There were significant geographical differences in the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in elderly hypertensive patients. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that poor economic status, activities of daily living disability, and comorbid chronic diseases were related to frailty and pre-frailty.ConclusionFrailty and pre-frailty are very common in elderly Chinese patients with hypertension and have similar risk factors. Prevention strategies should be developed to stop or delay the onset of frailty by targeting established risk factors in the pre-frailty population of elderly hypertension. It is also crucial to optimize the management of frailty in elderly Chinese patients with hypertension.

Frailty trajectory and its associated factors in older patients after major abdominal surgery: A longitudinal study

“…Chronic in ammation, immunity impairment, and abnormal neuroendocrine regulation can enhance frailty in patients with comorbidities, while frail patients with persistent dysfunction are more susceptible to other diseases.Wu et al [31] investigated whether a correlation exists between frailty and the number of comorbidities; however, the results of that study were not conclusive. In addition, although frailty susceptibility can increase with age, evidence supports that frailty is the result of the cumulative effect of physiology and environment, and the value of age as a sensitive indicator of frailty is limited [32].…”

Frailty and medication adherence among older adult patients with hypertension: a moderated mediation model

“…Hypertension is more likely to occur in fragile, older adult individuals ( 28 ). Frailty negatively affects blood pressure control in older adult patients with hypertension ( 29 ) as well as prognosis and adherence to therapy ( 11 ). The physical and mental health of older adult individuals are negatively affected due to the onset and development of frailty, which is frequently accompanied by several medical and mental illnesses such as anxiety, depression, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairment.…”