A Study on the Relationship between Nutritional Status and Prevalence of Pneumonia and Diarrhoea among Preschool Children in Kushtia

Rahman, Shaikh Shahinur; Khatun, Afroza; Azhar, Bably Sabina; Rahman, Hafizur; Hossain, Sabir

doi:10.5171/2014.805309

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar studies were done in southwest Ethiopia [27] and Ghana [28]. A Cross sectional survey in Bangladesh [29] also reported that children who had history of diarrhoea were at increased risk for ARI. The possible explanation could be that children who have a concomitant illness like diarrhoea may have a lowered immunity, making them more susceptible to a disease like ARI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Spatial distribution and determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016

2019

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Background Childhood acute respiratory infection remains the commonest global cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children. In Ethiopia, it remains the highest burden of the health care system. The problem varies in space and time, and exploring its spatial distribution has supreme importance for monitoring and designing effective intervention programs. Methods A two stage stratified cluster sampling technique was utilized along with the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. About 10,006 under-five children were included in this study. Bernoulli model was used to investigate the presence of purely spatial clusters of under-five acute respiratory infection using SaTScan.ArcGIS version 10.1 was used to visualize the distribution of pneumonia cases across the country. Mixed-effect logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of acute respiratory infection. Result In this study, acute respiratory infection among under-five children had spatial variations across the country (Moran’s I: 0.34, p < 0.001). Acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Tigray (p < 0.001) and Oromia (p < 0.001) National Regional States clustered spatially. History of diarrhoea (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 4.71, 95% CI: (3.89–5.71))), 45–59 months of age (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: (0.45–0.89)), working mothers (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI: (1.06–1.52)), mothers’ secondary school education (AOR = 0.65; 95% CI: (0.43–0.99)), and stunting (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: (1.00–1.54)) were predictors of under-five acute respiratory infection. Conclusion and recommendation In Ethiopia, acute respiratory infection had spatial variations across the country. Areas with excess acute respiratory infection need high priority in allocation of resources including: mobilizing resources, skilled human power, and improved access to health facilities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Spatial distribution and determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016

2019

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“…In a study in Bangladesh, among 209 boys and 191 girls with pneumonia and diarrhoea, 17% were found to have SAM. high prevalence of pneumonia (62.72%) and diarrhoea were found in infancy, and in 1-2-year age group [12]. In the present study, SAM was found in 18.5%, which is comparable, even the prevalence of pneumonia (66%) was comparable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…A positive association was noted between the duration of hospital stay and severity of malnutrition. Diarrhoea has short-term effects on nutrition and long-term consequences on the growth of the child [12]. In the present study, the prevalence of diarrhoea was same in SAM and MAM group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The severity of malnutrition among children with pneumonia and diarrhoea: moderate acute malnutrition- a neglected entity

Thanuja

2020

IJPR

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Introduction: Acute malnutrition is a global health problem. In India, 38% of under-5 children are stunted, 21% are wasted and 36% are underweight. Prevalence in Karnataka of wasting is 26.1%, Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is 10.5% and that of diarrhoea and pneumonia is 4.5% and 1.2% respectively. Both SAM and Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) have serious consequences. This study was undertaken to find the proportion of MAM among children with pneumonia and diarrhoea. Objectives: To study the prevalence and severity of malnutrition (SAM and MAM) among children admitted with pneumonia and acute diarrhoea. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of 97 children aged 1 month to 5 years admitted with pneumonia or acute diarrhoea were included. Anthropometry, treatment details and complications were recorded and analysed. Diagnosis of Pneumonia, diarrhoea, SAM and MAM was based on WHO guidelines. Results: More females were malnourished when compared to males. Prevalence of diarrhoea and pneumonia were the same among MAM and SAM children. Association of the severity of malnutrition with complications and with the duration of hospital stay was noted. Conclusions: Complications and morbidities in MAM are similar to SAM, hence, it is important to diagnose MAM and treat it vigilantly as in SAM. It is important to recognize and monitor MAM which may often go neglected.

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“…Similar studies have been carried out in southwest Ethiopia and Ghana [ 52 , 53 ]. In addition, a study done in Bangladeshi found that children with a history of diarrhea were more likely to develop ARI [ 54 ]. The reason is children who have a concomitant illness like diarrhea may have a lowered immunity, making them more susceptible to a disease like ARI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in rural Ethiopia

Merera

2021

BMC Infect Dis

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Introduction In low- and middle-income nations, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. According to some studies, Ethiopia has a higher prevalence of childhood acute respiratory infection, ranging from 16 to 33.5%. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five in rural Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 7911 children under the age of five from rural Ethiopia was carried out from January 18 to June 27, 2016. A two stage cluster sampling technique was used recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to extract and analyze data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with a childhood acute respiratory infection. The multivariable logistic regression analysis includes variables with a p-value less than 0.2 during the bivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of effect with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with an acute respiratory infection. Results The total ARI prevalence rate among 7911 under-five children from rural Ethiopia was 7.8%, according to the findings of the study. The highest prevalence of ARI was found in Oromia (12.8%), followed by Tigray (12.7%), with the lowest frequency found in Benishangul Gumuz (2.4%). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that child from Poor household (AOR = 2.170, 95% CI: 1.631–2.887), mother’s no education (AOR = 2.050,95% CI: 1.017–4.133), mother’s Primary education (AOR = 2.387, 95% CI:1.176–4.845), child had not received vitamin A (AOR = 1.926, 95% CI:1.578–2.351), child had no diarrhea (AOR = 0.257, 95% CI: 0.210–0.314), mothers not working (AOR = 0.773, 95% CI:0.630–0.948), not stunted (AOR = 0.663, 95% CI: 0.552–0.796), and not improved water source (AOR = 1.715, 95% CI: 1.395–2.109). Similarly, among under-five children, the age of the child, the month of data collection, anemia status, and the province were all substantially linked to ARI. Conclusions Childhood ARI morbidity is a serious health challenge in rural Ethiopia, according to this study, with demographic, socioeconomic, nutritional, health, and environmental factors all having a role. As a result, regional governments, healthcare staff, and concerned groups should place a priority on reducing ARI, and attempts to solve the issue should take these variables into account.

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A Study on the Relationship between Nutritional Status and Prevalence of Pneumonia and Diarrhoea among Preschool Children in Kushtia

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Spatial distribution and determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016

Spatial distribution and determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016

The severity of malnutrition among children with pneumonia and diarrhoea: moderate acute malnutrition- a neglected entity

Determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in rural Ethiopia

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