“…The majority of literature on DS schemes is based on the assumption of known IC process parameters (i.e. Case K), see for example: Costa (1994), Irianto and Shinozaki (1998), He, Grigoryan and Sigh (2002), Carot, Jabaloyes and Carot (2002), Khoo et al (2011), Lee, Torng and Liao (2012), Khoo et al (2013a), Costa and Machado (2015), Costa (2017), You (2017), Chong et al (2018), Khoo (2018, 2019), Malela-Majika and Rapoo (2019), Malela-Majika (2019), etc. Although there is a lots of research work based on Case K, in practice, the process parameters are generally unknown (i.e.…”