A subset of cingulate cortical neurones is specifically activated during alcohol-acquisition behaviour

Alexandrov, Yuriy; Grinchenko, Yu. V.; Shevchenko, D. G.; Averkin, Robert G.; Matz, V.N.; Laukka, Seppo J.; Korpusova, A.V.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.2001.171001087.x

Cited by 10 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Patterns of task-related neuronal activations in the cortex were shown to depend on the previous training history [12] [57]. All the mentioned data and our results are in a line with suggestion that during the first stage of learning-"mismatch" stage-previously learned behaviors and previously acquired neuronal ensembles are temporary reorganized; this process was called "accommodative reconsolidation" [58].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Clustered c-Fos Activation in Rat Hippocampus at the Acquisition Stage of Appetitive Instrumental Learning

Svarnik¹,

Alexandrov²,

Anokhin³

2015

JBBS

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To address the issue of how hippocampal neurons are involved into learning progress, we studied c-Fos expression in rat hippocampal subfields at different stages of appetitive instrumental learning. To model the first stage of learning, we pre-trained animals to approach the lever to obtain the food, and then made this behavior ineffective by not reinforcing it during the last session ("mismatch" group). Another group just acquired lever-pressing behavior at that day ("acquisition" group). Animals of the third group performed this well-trained behavior ("performance" group). The number of Fos-positive neurons in all hippocampal regions of the "mismatch" group animals was higher than in the ones of the home cage control group animals. The number of Fos-positive neurons was increased in CA1 and CA3 areas, but not in the dentate gyrus of both the "acquisition" and "performance" group animals as compared with the control group. We also found segmented c-Fos expression, which was more evident in "acquisition" group animals. Thus, our results suggest that during the first (mismatch) stage of learning hippocampal neurons are activated in an equally distributed manner. The following clustered pattern of activated CA1 neurons during the acquisition stage may reflect specialization of these neurons in respect to the specific lever-pressing behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Clustered c-Fos Activation in Rat Hippocampus at the Acquisition Stage of Appetitive Instrumental Learning

Svarnik¹,

Alexandrov²,

Anokhin³

2015

JBBS

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“…This would suggest additional modifi cation of neurons already specialized in relation to the fi rst skill, i.e., undergoing the processes of accomodatory reconsolidation on formation of the second skill [Alexandrov et al, 2001]. The involvement of a neuron in the new learning may depend on the previous history of its electrical activity [Guzowski, et al, 2006] and may be linked with increased membrane excitability [Silva, et al, 2009].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of a First, “Whisker-Dependent,” Skill Affects the Induction of c-Fos Expression in Somatosensory Cortex Barrel Field Neurons in Rats on Training to a Second Skill

Svarnik

Анохин

Aleksandrov

2015

Neurosci Behav Physi

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We report here studies in which a controlled history of sequential learning of two skills was created with the aim of identifying the pattern of activation of neurons for the fi rst skill on formation of the second. Animals were initially trained to an operant drinking behavior requiring use of the whiskers on the left or right side (a "whisker-dependent" skill), which was followed by training to a food-procuring pedal-pressing skill not requiring use of the whiskers. The results showed that training to a food-procuring skill induced c-Fos expression in a signifi cantly larger number of neurons in the barrel fi eld in animals previously trained to the operant drinking (whisker-dependent) skill than in the analogous area of control animals previously trained to a non-operant drinking skill. Our data suggest that activation of c-Fos expression on repeat training also occurred in those neurons which had already become specialized in relation to the fi rst, whisker-dependent, skill.Many studies have demonstrated that the sequential formation of multiple skills in a defi ned time interval can lead to so-called interference [Martinez et al., 2012;Wixted, 2004], which is evidence supporting the existence of overlapping molecular processes in the same neurons. It can be suggested that many (if not all) types of learning are associated with at least activation of previous experience [Dudai, 2012;McKenzie and Eichenbaum, 2011]. However, experimental studies of the neuronal mechanisms of learning and the formation of individual experience generally include training to only one skill and thus lack any controllable or addressable history of the formation of such experience. In the experiments reported here, a controlled history of sequential learning of two different skills was created with the aim of identifying the patterns of activation of neurons associated with the fi rst skill on acquisition of the second. MethodsAnimal experiments were performed in compliance with the standards of the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences. We sequentially trained rats (female Long-Evans, n = 11, aged 6-8 months) to two types of behavior: initially to an operant drinking behavior requiring use of the whiskers, and then to a food-procuring behavior not requiring use of the whiskers. In the operant drinking behavior, the animal contacted the whisker pad (left or right) with the edge of a lever to obtain a portion of water (20-30 μl) (the "operant drinking" group, n = 7). Training to this type of behavior was performed in steps over fi ve days in daily 30-min sessions: at the fi rst stage, the portion of water was delivered when the animal placed itself alongside the bowl; at the second stage, the animal turned away from the bowl; at the third stage, the animal approached the middle of the cage; at the fourth stage, the animal approached the lever; at the fi fth stage, the rat made contact with the lever (controlled visually). The control group consisted of another group of animals trained over the sa...

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“…Several neuronal recording studies have shown associations between sensory stimuli and the expectation of various outcomes, such as reward, or pain (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Finally, in several imaging studies of patients with disturbances in motivation and reward expectation, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and drug abuse, the anterior cingulate has shown increased activation when compared with anterior cingulate in normal subjects (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anterior Cingulate: Single Neuronal Signals Related to Degree of Reward Expectancy

Shidara

Richmond

2002

Science

470

315

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As monkeys perform schedules containing several trials with a visual cue indicating reward proximity, their error rates decrease as the number of remaining trials decreases, suggesting that their motivation and/or reward expectancy increases as the reward approaches. About one-third of single neurons recorded in the anterior cingulate cortex of monkeys during these reward schedules had responses that progressively changed strength with reward expectancy, an effect that disappeared when the cue was random. Alterations of this progression could be the basis for the changes from normal that are reported in anterior cingulate population activity for obsessive-compulsive disorder and drug abuse, conditions characterized by disturbances in reward expectancy.

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A subset of cingulate cortical neurones is specifically activated during alcohol-acquisition behaviour

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Clustered c-Fos Activation in Rat Hippocampus at the Acquisition Stage of Appetitive Instrumental Learning

Clustered c-Fos Activation in Rat Hippocampus at the Acquisition Stage of Appetitive Instrumental Learning

Experience of a First, “Whisker-Dependent,” Skill Affects the Induction of c-Fos Expression in Somatosensory Cortex Barrel Field Neurons in Rats on Training to a Second Skill

Anterior Cingulate: Single Neuronal Signals Related to Degree of Reward Expectancy

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