A Sulfate-Sulfur Method Used to Delineate the Sulfur Status of Soils

Carson, Juli; Crépin, J. M.; Nemunis-Siugzdinis, P.

doi:10.4141/cjss72-036

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Approximately 0.1 g of material was solubilized by an oxygen flask combustion technique (Chan 1975), and the sulphur (S) content was determined by a modified Johnson-Nishita method (Carson et al 1972). Potassium (K) in the solubilized samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of atmospheric pollutants as measured by lichen element content in the Athabasca oil sands area

Addison¹,

Puckett²

1980

Can. J. Bot.

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1980. Deposition of atmospheric pollutants a s measured by lichen element content in the Athabasca oil sands area. Can. J . Bot. 58: 2323-2334.The aluminium, potassium, sulphur, titanium, and vanadium contents of the lichens Clrirlina arblrsclrla (Wallr.) Hale and W. Culb., Euernia mesornorpha Nyl., and Hypogyrnnia physodes (L.) Nyl. were determined for up to 69 sites in the Athabasca oil sands area in northern Alberta. The element accumulation by these lichens was related to both gaseous and particulate emissions from industrial sources and to a localized windblown dust component. The deposition of atmospheric emissions around an oil-extraction plant as measured by lichen thallus concentration closely followed the distribution patterns measured by physical and chemical methods. Visible changes in the thallus condition appeared to be related to the element concentrations. ADDISON, P. A , , et K. J . PUCKETT. 1980. Deposition of atmospheric pollutants as measured by lichen element content in the Athabasca oil sands area. Can. J. Bot. 58: 2323-2334. Les teneurs en aluminium, potassium, soufre, titanium et vanadium des lichens Cladina arb~rscula (Wallr.) Hale et W. Culb., Euernia rnesornorpha Nyl. et Hypogytnnia physodes (L.) Nyl. ont ete determinees pour 69 sites dans la rCgion des sables bitumineux d e I'Athabasca, dans le nord d e {'Alberta. L'accumulation d'elements par ces lichens etait reliee tant aux emissions gazeuses qu'aux emissions de particules provenant de sources industrielles, ainsi qu'a une composante locale d e poussiere eolienne. L e dCp6t d'dmissions atmospheriques aux environs d'une usine d'extraction d e petrole, mesure par la concentration dans les thalles des lichens, se rapprochait des modeles de distribution mesures selon des mCthodes physiques et chimiques. Les modifications visibles d e l'etat des thalles paraissaient reliees aux concentrations d'elements.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of atmospheric pollutants as measured by lichen element content in the Athabasca oil sands area

Addison¹,

Puckett²

1980

Can. J. Bot.

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“…Cores of soil 2 cm in diameter were removed from each lysimeter prior to planting the second and third crop. The soil cores were divided into four l8-cm segments and extracted with 0.002 M CaCl,'2H,O to determine the distribution of SO.-S (Carson et al 1972). Lysimeters were re-wetted to field capacity for successive studies by adding deionized water to the core hole to minimize sulphate leaching.…”

Section: Controlled Environment Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of Subsoil Sulphates to Barley and Rapeseed

Bole¹,

Pittman²

1984

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Increased use of sulphur (S) fertilizers in southern Alberta led to a series of field and phytotron experiments to investigate the importance of S fertilizers and the role of subsoil reserves of sulphate sulphur (SO4-S) for barley (Hordeum vulgare) and rapeseed (Brassica napus). Two types of experiments were conducted. In the field-plot studies, barley was grown on dryland soils low in surface SO4-S but underlain by subsoil high in SO4-S. Neither elemental nor SO4 forms of S significantly increased barley yields in a series of 10 experiments on those soils. The comparisons were made at three levels of N fertilizers. In a series of lysimeter studies, three successive crops were grown in soil low in inorganic S (2.0 μg SO4-S∙g−1), or soil supplemented with 25 μg 35SO4-S∙g−1 soil at specified depths in the lysimeters. Barley was adequately supplied with S from SO4-S at a depth of 54–72 cm. It obtained 55% of its S from a high SO4-S (25 μg∙g−1) layer of soil at that depth, although 40 days growth were required before the S was effectively utilized. Five times as much S was taken up by the barley when the entire soil received an additional 25 μg SO4-S∙g−1 as when only the 54- to 72-cm depth was supplemented; however, the yields were unaffected. Most of the excess S was retained in the straw. Rapeseed took up an increasing amount of SO4-S as the proportion of the lysimeters that initially contained SO4-S was increased. Rapeseed was also able to utilize SO4-S from a depth of 54–72 cm. Rapeseed showed deficiency symptoms when most of the added and soil reserves of S had been depleted by previous crops; its growth habit became indeterminate and seeds did not develop. Although total dry matter yield was not greatly affected, seed yield was markedly reduced in S-deficient rapeseed. Rapeseed took up 10 times as much S as did barley when the S supply was just adequate for seed production. Although rapeseed had a much higher S requirement than barley, both crops were adequately supplied by subsoil reserves of SO4-S under the field and controlled environment conditions studied. The studies suggest that fertilizer recommendations should be based on soil analysis to a depth of at least 60 cm. Key words: Sulphur fertilizer, sulphates, 35S, barley, rapeseed, nutrient uptake

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“…The competitive advantage of phosphate over sulphate is implicit in the methods commonly used to extract adsorbed sulphate from soils. Salts and dilute acids of weakly (non-specifically) adsorbed anions, such as Cl and N03-, extract essentially only water-soluble S04 2 -(e.g., White 1959;Williams & Steinbergs 1959;Chao 1964;Roberts & Koehler 1968;.Blakemore et al 1969;Carson et al 1972;Tabatabai & Bremner 1972a;Westerman 1974;Saunders & Cooper 1975). To remove adsorbed sulphate from strongly anion-retentive soils, phosphates, or other specifically adsorbed anions (e.g., hydroxyl, fluoride), are required (e.g., Ensminger 1954;Fox et al 1964;Barrow 1967a;Blakemore et al 1968: Bromfield 1972 .…”

Section: Sulphate-phosphate Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…the use of extractants incorporating the weakly (non-specifically) adsorbed Cl anion seems to have been favoured in low-rainfall areas where the soils contain predominantly 2: 1 (micaceous) tvne clavs and have low levels of Iarzelv watersoluble 'available sulphate-S (e.z .. Williams & Steinbergs 1959. 1964Chao 1964: Roberts & Koehler 1968: Carson et at. 1972Tabatabai & Bremner 1972a;Walker & Doornenbal 1972: Westermann 1974.…”

Section: Soil Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%