A Sulfated Nanofibrous Mesh Supporting the Osteogenic Differentiation of Periosteum-Derived Cells

Abstract

The periosteum is a thin fibrous membrane covering the surface of long bone and is known to play a critical role in bone development and adult bone fracture healing. Loss or damage of the periosteum tissue during traumatic long bone injuries can lead to retarded healing of bone graft-mediated repair. The regenerative potential of periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDCs) has inspired their use as an alternative to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to augment scaffold-assisted bone repair. In this study, we first demonstrated that PDCs isolated from adult rat long bone exhibited innate advantages over bone marrow-derived MSCs in terms of faster proliferation and more potent osteogenic differentiation upon induction in plastic-adherent culture. Further, we examined the potential of two electrospun nanofibrous meshes, an uncharged regenerated cellulose mesh and a sulfated mesh, to support the attachment and osteogenic differentiation of PDCs. We showed that both nanofibrous meshes were able to support the attachment and proliferation of PDCs and MSCs alike, with the sulfated mesh enabling significantly higher seeding efficiency than the cellulose mesh. Both meshes were also able to support the osteogenic differentiation of adherent PDCs upon induction by osteogenic media, with the sulfated mesh facilitating more potent mineral deposition by adherent PDCs. Our study supports the sulfated nanofibrous mesh as a promising synthetic periosteal membrane for the delivery of exogenous PDCs to augment bone healing.

Impaired osteogenesis of T1DM bone marrow-derived stromal cells and periosteum-derived cells and their differential in-vitro responses to growth factor rescue

“…BMSCs and PDCs were isolated as described previously [ 32 ] from long bones of either freshly diabetic BBDP rats, those with more extended T1DM (blood glucose maintained at 250–500 mg/dl, ~100 days), or healthy nondiabetic male Wistar rats (~100 days old; Charles River Lab). Wistar rats were chosen as normal nondiabetic controls because the BBDP rats were derived from the Wistar strain [ 23 ].…”

“…Staining was also carried out on cells cultured in both high and normal glucose expansion media (negative control). After photo-documentation of the alizarin red and oil red staining, the dye was released for quantitation per the literature protocol [ 32 , 35 ].…”

Facile Stem Cell Delivery to Bone Grafts Enabled by Smart Shape Recovery and Stiffening of Degradable Synthetic Periosteal Membranes

“…The R f and R r were determined based on the second cycle using Equation ( 1) and (2). Charles River SASCO SD rats by enzymatic digestion in MEM (without ascorbic acid) solution of 2.5-mg/mL type 2 collagenase (Worthington, Lakewood, NJ) as previously described [44] . Cells were pelleted, resuspended and expanded in MEM without ascorbic acid supplemented with 20% FBS (Hyclone) and 2% L-glutamine, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (expansion media).…”

Concentrated growth factor promotes proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic potential of rabbit periosteum-derived cells in vitro

“…Periosteum plays a crucial role in the fracture healing process, especially during the secondary callus formation. Periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) have a strong potential for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, and they are essential for the healing and repair of bone fractures and defects [5]. Previous studies have shown that PDCs can repair a critical size long-bone defect in mice.…”