A summary of standards and practices for wet waste streams used in waste-to-energy technologies in the United States

Badgett, Alex; Milbrandt, Anelia

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109425

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…& Pharino, C., 2018). Similarly, according to the result from satisfaction assessment of the community groups it represented that the users of wet garbage transformers as artificial soil had the beauty factor of transformers with the specific uniqueness (S. N. Seenappa, et al, 1995;Badgett, A., et al, 2020). In this case, according to the result of wet garbage transformers with four factors of convenience it represented with none of relationship to the satisfaction of the community groups by the testing users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, the soil would be full with nutrients to be applied in the agriculture area as accounting to be the solving method of wet garbage in the area of communities sustainably and friendly to environments. As the result, it can be one guideline to dispose the rotted waste as becoming to be beneficial from using natural procedure (Badgett, A. & Milbrandt, A., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Designing of Wet Transformers as Artificial Soil for Flower Tree Cultivation

Egwutvongsa

Seviset

2021

Acad. J. Interdiscip. Stud.

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This research is focusing on designing of wet garbage transformers as artificial soil. According to the result, it represented that the artificial soil can be brought to cultivate Marigold trees to be abundant with giving for Grade B flowers. Moreover, it has the duration to bloom in short times with good quality of tree’s height and suitable size of flower’s diameter. However, the customer satisfaction is depending on equipment uniqueness and applying convenience with the regression equation that is congruent to ŷ = (4.478) +(-0.002 X1) +(-0.066 X2) +(0.011 X3) +(0.074 X4) as in the form of criteria scores which is congruent to Z = (-0.003 X1) +(-0.088 X2) +(0.017 X3) +(0.095 X4).satisfaction at the excellent level for people in the development communities (Mean=4.10, S.D. =0.78). Received: 4 March 2021 / Accepted: 6 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing of Wet Transformers as Artificial Soil for Flower Tree Cultivation

Egwutvongsa

Seviset

2021

Acad. J. Interdiscip. Stud.

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“…FOG discharge into sewer systems can accumulate causing pipe blockages. Thus, FOG management and disposal is subject to various regulations depending on the source at the local, state, and federal levels . Landfilling FOG is one main disposal strategy; however, it may contribute to landfill methane emissions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, FOG management and disposal is subject to various regulations depending on the source at the local, state, and federal levels. 1 Landfilling FOG is one main disposal strategy; however, it may contribute to landfill methane emissions. 2 Although some landfills capture methane for reuse, typically to produce electricity on-site, not all do.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic and Functional Variations Induced by an Overloading Event in Anaerobic Codigestion of Municipal Wastewater Sludge with Fats, Oils, and Grease

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to elucidate microbial community changes in response to an overloading of fats, oils, and grease (FOG) during anaerobic codigestion with municipal wastewater sludge. Two semicontinuous digesters, one control and one FOGfed codigester, were operated for over 300 days. Upon establishing a stable function, defined by consistent methane production over several solids retention times (SRT), the FOG codigester was overloaded, resulting in stalled methane production for a duration of approximately three SRTs. An increase in methane production relative to the stalled state characterized recovery following a period of batch operation, and normal function was subsequently maintained over several more SRTs. Time-series long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), volatile fatty acids (VFA), and methane analysis revealed palmitic acid accumulation as a bottleneck during the overloading event. Corresponding time-series metagenomic sequencing revealed changes in microbial community structure and potential function before, during, and after the overloading event and compared to the control digester. Abundance of central metabolism genes and stress response genes varied over time in the codigester compared to the control. Taxonomy and diversity analyses revealed that while the microbial community composition changed over time, the communities before the overloading event and after recovery were more similar to each other than to the community during the overloading event.

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“…The AD process corresponds to a cascade of oxidation and reduction reactions that are carried out by consortia of microorganisms (Figure a). CH 4 is the final product because it has the lowest oxidation state, but the methanogenesis stage of AD can be suppressed or avoided so intermediate degradation products, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs) can be produced as precursors for higher-value biofuel and biochemical generation. , This arrested methanogenesis approach received great interest as it produces valued-added chemicals and bioproduct precursors using a much shorter, stable, and known pathway, and it achieves AD valorization with a higher efficiency than CH 4 reoxidization. Arrested methanogenesis can be achieved by regulating pH, temperature, redox potential, and retention time, or by using methanogen inhibitors and pretreatment. − The VFAs produced in such rewired-ADs are short-chain (C1–C5) carboxylic acids that generally include formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and caproic acids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Will Membranes Break Barriers on Volatile Fatty Acid Recovery from Anaerobic Digestion?

et al. 2020

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The conversion of organic waste into value-added chemicals provides a sustainable pathway toward a circular economy, but anaerobic digestion (AD) as an established technology has faced great challenges primarily due to the low value of its primary productbiogas. Recent developments on arrested methanogenesis allow the AD process to be rewired to suppress methanogenesis and promote the production of higher valued volatile fatty acids (VFAs). However, the separation and recovery of VFAs from the mixed reactor constituents (microbes, salt, and organic solids), remains a challenge. Membrane-based separation processes are showing increased promise compared to other methods, as recent studies reported high yield, high selectivity VFA recovery with low energy consumption and reactor footprint. However, competing membrane processes have not been quantitatively reviewed or compared, making it difficult to understand the current state-of-the-art. This study provided the first such analysis, comparing nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), pervaporation (PV), membrane contactors (MC), and membrane distillation (MD) for VFA separation and recovery. The study offers a comprehensive characterization of the different membrane’s selectivity and permeability under different conditions and compares them side-by-side using normalized measures. In addition, the energy demand and fouling potential were also analyzed. New opportunities such as mixed matrix pervaporation membrane, antifouling electroactive membrane, solar-heating membrane distillation, and integrated processes were also explored to provide insights on technology advancement and synergistic benefits.

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A summary of standards and practices for wet waste streams used in waste-to-energy technologies in the United States

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Designing of Wet Transformers as Artificial Soil for Flower Tree Cultivation

Designing of Wet Transformers as Artificial Soil for Flower Tree Cultivation

Taxonomic and Functional Variations Induced by an Overloading Event in Anaerobic Codigestion of Municipal Wastewater Sludge with Fats, Oils, and Grease

Will Membranes Break Barriers on Volatile Fatty Acid Recovery from Anaerobic Digestion?

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