A Superconducting High-Luminosity Insertion in the Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR)

Abstract

A focusing insertion will be constructed at an intersection of the ISR, to achieve a reduction of the effective beam height by about a factor 6 in the interaction diamond and a corresponding increase of the luminosity. It will contain eight superconducting quadrupole magnets. capable of Droducing eradients of 43 Tm1 in a warm bore of 173 mm diameter: four of them have a magnetic length of 1.15 m and four of 0.65 m. The magnets are also equipped with sextupole windings, to match the gradients to particle momenta over the beam width, and with dodecapole correction windings. After construction and successful operation of a prototype magnet in the laboratory, competitive tenders were obtained from industry on the basis of technical specifications and manufacturing drawings. The magnets proper and the cryostats are being manufactured under two separate contracts. The insertion will be installed within 1980 at intersection I8, for use in physics experiments with a large magnetic spectrometer.

Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators

“…Other projects included the Fermilab Energy Doubler [15] and the Experimental Superconducting Accelerator Ring (ESCAR) at LBL [16] in the US, IR quadrupoles for the ISR at CERN [17], IR quadrupoles for TRISTAN at KEK [18] and UNK, an accelerator and storage ring complex in the USSR [19]. The UNK magnets were ambitious for the time, with a desired operating field of 5 T and 20% margin.…”

The Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR): The First Hadron Collider

“…All magnets achieved the required performance [25]; there was no re-training or degradation after repeated thermal cycles from 293 K to 4. being reached for proton-proton operation. No quench of the magnets occurred during stable beam operation [27,28]. Besides providing superb and unique experimental conditions for the researchers, the project led to an advance in magnet technology and allowed CERN to acquire expertise in the application of superconductivity and associated cryogenics that would prove to be invaluable in subsequent years.…”

“…The high luminosity insertion at Point 8 of the ISR [28] consisted of eight individually powered superconducting quadrupoles operating at currents of up to 2 kA in saturated helium baths at 4.5 K, housed in stand-alone cryostats [Highlight 4.4]. The cryostats also contained individually powered sextupole and 12-pole correction windings, also superconducting, and were equipped with corresponding current leads, as well as with room-temperature bores.…”

Cryogénie, supraconductivité et accélérateurs de particules : 50 ans de développements croisés

“…Le premier système d'aimants supraconducteurs à être installé dans un accélérateur en exploitation, à la fin des années 1970, fut l'insertion à haute luminosité* des anneaux de stockage à intersections (ISR) du CERN, constituée de huit quadripôles focalisant les faisceaux et doublant ainsi la luminosité du collisionneur [4]. Le premier synchrotron entièrement supraconducteur fut le doubleur/économiseur d'énergie du Laboratoire National Fermi près de Chicago, qui entra en exploitation en 1983 et devint ensuite le collisionneur proton-antiproton Tevatron [5].…”