A Surface-Based Analysis of Hemispheric Asymmetries and Folding of Cerebral Cortex in Term-Born Human Infants

Hill, Jason E.; Dierker, Donna L.; Neil, Jeffrey J.; Inder, Terrie E.; Knutsen, Andrew K.; Harwell, John; Coalson, Timothy S.; Essen, David Van

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4682-09.2010

Cited by 292 publications

(323 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Intermediate expansion (near the average) occurs in posterior temporal, frontopolar, and dorsal parietal regions. To determine which of these patterns are statistically significant, we performed a threshold-free cluster analysis (10,19) on the fractional surface areas in term infants and adult. Figure 2 shows the locations of significant clusters of high and low expansion overlaid on the cortical expansion maps for the right ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maps of postnatal surface area expansion and evolutionary area expansion were smoothed 10 iterations (5-mm smoothing kernel) using an average neighbors algorithm (10,56).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ii) The group identities (term infant or adult) of each individual fractional area map were randomized 2,500 times, and corresponding t maps were generated. (iii) To determine statistical significance, a threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) was implemented (10,19). Interhemispheric symmetry test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently used a surface-based approach to compare cortical structure in human term infants to adults. That analysis suggested that although many adult cortical shape characteristics are well established at birth, there may be regional differences in the maturity of cortical folding in term infants compared with adults (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Similar patterns of cortical expansion during human development and evolution

Hill¹,

Inder²,

Neil³

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

684

589

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The cerebral cortex of the human infant at term is complexly folded in a similar fashion to adult cortex but has only one third the total surface area. By comparing 12 healthy infants born at term with 12 healthy young adults, we demonstrate that postnatal cortical expansion is strikingly nonuniform: regions of lateral temporal, parietal, and frontal cortex expand nearly twice as much as other regions in the insular and medial occipital cortex. This differential postnatal expansion may reflect regional differences in the maturity of dendritic and synaptic architecture at birth and/or in the complexity of dendritic and synaptic architecture in adults. This expression may also be associated with differential sensitivity of cortical circuits to childhood experience and insults. By comparing human and macaque monkey cerebral cortex, we infer that the pattern of human evolutionary expansion is remarkably similar to the pattern of human postnatal expansion. To account for this correspondence, we hypothesize that it is beneficial for regions of recent evolutionary expansion to remain less mature at birth, perhaps to increase the influence of postnatal experience on the development of these regions or to focus prenatal resources on regions most important for early survival.T he human cerebral cortex is characterized by regional nonuniformities in cellular structure that change with age. Near term, there are regional variations in synaptic density (1, 2), dendritic length, and dendritic spine density (3). Postnatally, synaptic density increases dramatically, reaches a peak density in early childhood, and then undergoes synaptic pruning with a 2-fold or greater reduction (4). The time course of these synaptic changes differs across regions, with primary sensory areas attaining peak density and adult levels earlier than higher order "association" areas (2, 5). In adults, there are large regional nonuniformities in neuronal density (6), dendritic size, branching complexity, and spine density (7).This evidence for cellular nonuniformities provides grounds for anticipating regional differences in macroscopic aspects of postnatal cortical maturation. Indeed, studies of gray matter volume and overall brain growth provide evidence for complex regional patterns of morphological change during childhood and adolescence (8, 9). We recently used a surface-based approach to compare cortical structure in human term infants to adults. That analysis suggested that although many adult cortical shape characteristics are well established at birth, there may be regional differences in the maturity of cortical folding in term infants compared with adults (10).Comparisons with nonhuman primates, especially the intensively studied macaque monkey, provide another basis for evaluating regional differences in cortical maturation. Since the evolutionary divergence between humans and macaques ∼25 million years ago (11), cortical expansion has been far greater in human lineage than in the macaque lineage. Compared with the macaque cortex, the human c...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maps of postnatal surface area expansion and evolutionary area expansion were smoothed 10 iterations (5-mm smoothing kernel) using an average neighbors algorithm (10,56).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Similar patterns of cortical expansion during human development and evolution

Hill¹,

Inder²,

Neil³

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

684

589

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A significant correlation (Spearman rank correlation r ϭ 0.47, p Ͻ 0.001) was found between the AI and language lateralization (c), indicating that intrinsic hemispheric specialization was associated with language lateralization during task. (2007) and Hill et al (2010a). This map projects data onto the right hemisphere, but the estimate can be considered representative of the two hemispheres.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Specialization in the Human Brain Estimated By Intrinsic Hemispheric Interaction

2014

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The human brain demonstrates functional specialization, including strong hemispheric asymmetries. Here specialization was explored using fMRI by examining the degree to which brain networks preferentially interact with ipsilateral as opposed to contralateral networks. Preferential within-hemisphere interaction was prominent in the heteromodal association cortices and minimal in the sensorimotor cortices. The frontoparietal control network exhibited strong within-hemisphere interactions but with distinct patterns in each hemisphere. The frontoparietal control network preferentially coupled to the default network and language-related regions in the left hemisphere but to attention networks in the right hemisphere. This arrangement may facilitate control of processing functions that are lateralized. Moreover, the regions most linked to asymmetric specialization also display the highest degree of evolutionary cortical expansion. Functional specialization that emphasizes processing within a hemisphere may allow the expanded hominin brain to minimize between-hemisphere connectivity and distribute domain-specific processing functions.

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Association Between Socioeconomic Status and In Utero Fetal Brain Development

Kapse

Andersen

et al. 2021

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCE Children raised in settings with lower parental socioeconomic status are at increased risk for neuropsychological disorders. However, to date, the association between socioeconomic status and fetal brain development remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE To determine the association between parental socioeconomic status and in vivo fetal brain growth and cerebral cortical development using advanced, 3-dimensional fetal magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis cohort study of fetal brain development enrolled 144 healthy pregnant women from 2 low-risk community obstetrical hospitals from 2012 through 2019 in the District of Columbia. Included women had a prenatal history without complications that included recommended screening laboratory and ultrasound studies. Exclusion criteria were multiple gestation pregnancy, known or suspected congenital infection, dysmorphic features of the fetus, and documented chromosomal abnormalities. T2-weighted fetal brain magnetic resonance images were acquired. Each pregnant woman was scanned at up to 2 points in the fetal period. Data were analyzed from June through November 2020. EXPOSURES Parental education level and occupation status were documented. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Regional fetal brain tissue volume (for cortical gray matter, white matter, cerebellum, deep gray matter, and brainstem) and cerebral cortical features (ie, lobe volume, local gyrification index, and sulcal depth) in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes were calculated. RESULTS Fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed among 144 pregnant women (median [interquartile range] age, 32.5 [27.0-36.1] years) with gestational age from 24.0 to 39.4 weeks; 75 fetuses (52.1%) were male, and 69 fetuses (47.9%) were female. Higher parental education level was associated with significantly increased volume in the fetal white matter

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A Surface-Based Analysis of Hemispheric Asymmetries and Folding of Cerebral Cortex in Term-Born Human Infants

Cited by 292 publications

References 55 publications

Similar patterns of cortical expansion during human development and evolution

Similar patterns of cortical expansion during human development and evolution

Functional Specialization in the Human Brain Estimated By Intrinsic Hemispheric Interaction

Association Between Socioeconomic Status and In Utero Fetal Brain Development

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