A surface-modified gold minigrid electrode which heterogeneously reduces spinach ferredoxin

Hl, Landrum; Rt, Salmon; Fm, Hawkridge

doi:10.1021/ja00451a048

Cited by 150 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, the peak at ¹0.95 V exhibited a more significant descent of the frequency value as the concentration exceeded 1.2 mM. This finding corresponds to an earlier investigation [2] by Hawkridge et al [28]. To avert this limitation, in this study, we present a novel polyviologen (PV)-modified electrode to enhance MV 2þ detection by the EQCM method having a reusability by potential control.…”

Section: þ Present or Absent In Solutionsupporting

confidence: 77%

EQCM Studies of Paraquat on Gold Electrode Modified with Electropolymerized Film

1998

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This study presents a polyviologen (PV) modified gold/quartz electrode to detect paraquat (MV 2þ ) by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) method. Some electroactive viologens (V 2þ ) reside in the electropolymerization achieved in pH 4.2 Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer solution containing soluble viologen oligomer. Closely examining the EQCM and cyclic voltammetry (CV) results reveal that V 2þ binds in the PV film and is electroreduced to form its relatively hydrophobic cation radical (V þ. ), which may cause the anions and hydrated water originally incorporated in the PV layer to be expelled. Moreover, while the negative potential is scanned over ¹0.55 V, the dissolved MV 2þ is reduced through V þ. to form its corresponding cation radical (MV þ.) and then becomes a dimer with the bound V þ. among the PV layer. According to our results, such dimerization possesses good reversibility so that the resonant frequency of the subsequent PV modified Au/quartz electrode can return to its initial value under the potential scanning within an appropriate region (i.e., from 0 to ¹0.7 V) and oxygen-free condition. Moreover, a linear calibration plot for detecting MV 2þ is also obtained in the range from 0 to 1.2 mM, having a detection limit of 0.1 mM.

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Section: þ Present or Absent In Solutionsupporting

confidence: 77%

EQCM Studies of Paraquat on Gold Electrode Modified with Electropolymerized Film

1998

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“…Though both bacterial 2[4Fe-4S] and plant [2Fe-2S] proteins can be rapidly reduced at a mercury electrode, there are [4,5] associated problems of irreversibility and active site degradation. In contrast, Landrum et al [6,7] have reported reduction and full reoxidation of spinach ferredoxin at a gold electrode modified with a polymeric form of methyl viologen. As part of an extensive investigation [S] of the direct electrochemistry of redox proteins, we now describe the rapid and reversible reduction of Clostridium pasteurianum 2[4Fe-4S] ferredoxin at a pyrolytic graphite electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Direct electrochemical reduction of ferredoxin promoted by Mg²⁺

1982

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“…Modifications to these basic designs have been proposed by Walker [116], who advocates the use of quartz windows and cell filling via Hamilton syringe valves. A low-volume cell for bioelectrochemical applications has been published [117]. Anaerobic cells for bioelectrochemical and other applications have also been described [118][119][120], and one design allows demounting of the electrodes [121].…”

Section: Variations On and Alternatives To The Basic Ottle Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroelectrochemistry: In s itu UV ‐visible Spectroscopy

Crayston

2003

Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry

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The sections in this article are Introduction and Principles Introductory Remarks Theory and Techniques: Steady State Measurement Cell Transmission for a Simple Electron Transfer Reaction: Determination of E and n Effect of Follow‐up Reactions in OTTLE Cells Theory and Techniques: Kinetic Measurements Chronoabsorptometry Instrumentation for Chronoabsorptometry Slow Heterogeneous Kinetics Effect of Follow‐up Reactions Derivative Cyclic Voltabsorptometry ( DCVA ) Galvanostatic Conditions Adsorption Cell Geometries, Design, Techniques, and Instrumentation General Considerations Transmission under Thin‐layer Conditions: OTTLEs and Flow‐cells Variations on and Alternatives to the Basic OTTLE Design OTTLE Cells Intended for Both UV ‐visible and FTIR Use OTTLE Cell Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Response Semi‐infinite Cells: Optically Transparent Electrodes ( OTEs ) Reflection from Electrodes and Liquid–Liquid Interfaces Glancing Incidence Reflection, Near‐parallel or Parallel Reflection, and Diffraction Liquid–Liquid Interface and Attenuated Total Reflection Long Optical Path‐length Thin‐layer Cell ( LOPTLC ) Forced Convection, RDE and Channel Flow UV ‐vis Combined with Other Spectroscopic Techniques Applications Solution Studies of Inorganic Species Solution Studies of Organic Species Molten Salts Spectroelectrochemistry Studies of Species of Biological Interest Inorganic Thin Films and Modified Electrodes Conducting Polymers and Oligomer Models Conclusions

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A surface-modified gold minigrid electrode which heterogeneously reduces spinach ferredoxin

Cited by 150 publications

References 5 publications

EQCM Studies of Paraquat on Gold Electrode Modified with Electropolymerized Film

EQCM Studies of Paraquat on Gold Electrode Modified with Electropolymerized Film

Direct electrochemical reduction of ferredoxin promoted by Mg²⁺

Spectroelectrochemistry: In s itu UV ‐visible Spectroscopy

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A surface-modified gold minigrid electrode which heterogeneously reduces spinach ferredoxin

Cited by 150 publications

References 5 publications

EQCM Studies of Paraquat on Gold Electrode Modified with Electropolymerized Film

EQCM Studies of Paraquat on Gold Electrode Modified with Electropolymerized Film

Direct electrochemical reduction of ferredoxin promoted by Mg2+

Spectroelectrochemistry: In s itu UV ‐visible Spectroscopy

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Direct electrochemical reduction of ferredoxin promoted by Mg²⁺