A Survey and Comparison of Laboratory Test Methods for Measuring Wicking

Harnett, P.R.; Mehta, Prina

doi:10.1177/004051758405400710

Cited by 113 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Hence, a liquid that does not wet the fibres cannot wick into the fabric [36]. The ability to sustain the capillary flow is known as wickability [37]. The distance travelled by a liquid flowing under capillary pressure, in horizontal capillaries, is approximately given by the Washburn-Lukas equation [38]:…”

Section: Wickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysiological Wear Comfort of Clothing: An Overview

Bhatia¹,

Malhotra²

2016

J Textile Sci Eng

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Process involved in heat and moisture transport is an important factor which influences dynamic comfort of clothing. Heat can be transferred within clothing in the form of conduction, convection, AbstractThermophysiological wear comfort concerns with the heat and moisture transport properties of clothing and the way it helps the clothing to maintain the heat balance of the body during various level of activity. Heat and moisture flow through clothing is a complex phenomenon. So, heat and moisture transfer analysis for clothing is an important issue for researchers. This article delves into the processes which are involved in heat and moisture transmission along with mathematical models of heat, liquid and vapour transport through clothing to understand the exact phenomena of heat and moisture transmission. The reported testing methods and parameters used for determining heat and moisture are also summarized in this article. This article also describes the need of heat and moisture transmission in clothing, desired attributes for heat and moisture management and parameters affecting heat and moisture transmission in clothing.

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Section: Wickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysiological Wear Comfort of Clothing: An Overview

Bhatia¹,

Malhotra²

2016

J Textile Sci Eng

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“…In a warm climate, on the other hand, all liquid perspiration should be evaporated as close to the skin as possible to maximize the cooling effect. To achieve these different moisture-management behaviors in textiles, multilayer configurations are often used, and it becomes important to characterize the distribution of moisture, especially in liquid form, in such multilayers as a function of time.The transport of moisture through multilayer textile combinations has frequently been studied by means of gravimetric analysis in earlier work [1,2,4,5,15]. A major disadvantage of such methods is that a part of the moisture escapes into the ambient air within a few seconds when the layers of clothing are separated for weighing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Ray Tomography Measurements of the Moisture Distribution in Multilayered Clothing Systems

Weder

Brühwiler

Laib

2006

Textile Research Journal

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The transport of moisture in textile layers plays an important role in the conveyance of thermal energy through those layers. During physical activity, a constant core temperature can in general only be maintained through the dissipation of thermal energy. As is well known, this can take place through radiation, conduction or convection, but for vigorous activity requires perspiration, namely evaporative cooling. If the perspired moisture evaporates directly on the skin, considerably more energy is extracted from the body than when it is transported in a liquid state to outer layers of the clothing, in which case evaporation merely cools the ambient air instead. In a cold climate, dry skin is important for comfort at rest, whereas during activity a more complicated behavior is desirable: Evaporation of moisture on or near the skin while it produces enough perspiration to maintain a wet clothing layer in contact with it, which is when the need for cooling is greatest, followed by rapid removal of the liquid perspiration from the immediate vicinity of the skin as the perspiration rate declines, to avoid overcooling (post-exercise chill). In a warm climate, on the other hand, all liquid perspiration should be evaporated as close to the skin as possible to maximize the cooling effect. To achieve these different moisture-management behaviors in textiles, multilayer configurations are often used, and it becomes important to characterize the distribution of moisture, especially in liquid form, in such multilayers as a function of time.The transport of moisture through multilayer textile combinations has frequently been studied by means of gravimetric analysis in earlier work [1,2,4,5,15]. A major disadvantage of such methods is that a part of the moisture escapes into the ambient air within a few seconds when the layers of clothing are separated for weighing. This is especially the case for materials such as polyester or polypropylene, that store very little moisture themselves and where the moisture can be localized in the capillaries of the intermediate spaces. A second problem is that following the time dependence of the moisture transport requires restarting the entire conditioning and wetting process of the sample for each measurement, which is time-consuming. The inplane distribution of moisture is another important aspect of the problem for which gravimetric analysis is inadequate. 1One method which has largely met these challenges is neutron radiography, which has been shown to be able to give a two-dimensional profile of the moisture distribution of each layer in a multilayer configuration at distinct time intervals [16]. There it was possible to observe the gross temporal progress of the moisture transport, without having to manipulate the clothing systems. While there were Abstract X-ray-tomography was used to investigate the moisture distribution of multilayered textiles under praxis conditions. It was possible to follow the dynamics of the moisture transport without disturbing an ensemble during measuremen...

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“…The finished and unfinished fabrics with and without prior enzyme treatments were conditioned under standard condition (20±2 o C, 65±2% Relative Humidity, 4 hours) and the following performance properties were evaluated as per established standards: dry crease recovery angle 16) , antimicrobial activity 17) , area shrinkage 18) , wicking height 19) , tearing strength 20) , primary and total hand value for winter suiting fabric by Kawabata hand evaluation system for winter suiting fabric 21) , and bending length 22) . For surface study, the unfinished and S-BAP-treated wool samples were examined with a JEOL scanning electron microscope (JSM 6360).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Performance Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Properties of Multi-Functional Finishes on the Enzyme-Pretreated Wool/Cotton Blend Fabrics

Ammayappan¹,

Moses²,

Senthil³

et al. 2011

Textile Coloration and Finishing

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Abstract-Research information related to application of enzyme as pretreatment and subsequent functional finishing on wool blended textiles for imparting multi-functional properties is still scanty. Yarn-blended wool/cotton fabric was pretreated with both a cellulase (Bactosol-CA) or a protease (Savinase-16.0LEx) in individual, subsequently finished with Synthappret-BAP and β-cyclodextrin based combination to impart anti-shrink, anti-microbial, softening and anti-crease properties. The performance of the finished fabrics depended on type of finishing combinations applied rather than enzyme pretreatment. Savinase pretreatment followed by Synthappret+Ceraperm-MW combination finishing impart both anti-shrink property as well as softening, while Bactosol pretreatment followed by β-cyclodextrin and sanitize combination finishing impart antimicrobial activity as well as anti-shrink finish to the wool/cotton blend fabric.

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A Survey and Comparison of Laboratory Test Methods for Measuring Wicking

Cited by 113 publications

References 6 publications

Thermophysiological Wear Comfort of Clothing: An Overview

Thermophysiological Wear Comfort of Clothing: An Overview

X-Ray Tomography Measurements of the Moisture Distribution in Multilayered Clothing Systems

Performance Properties of Multi-Functional Finishes on the Enzyme-Pretreated Wool/Cotton Blend Fabrics

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