Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consists of a set of sensor nodes that are deployed in a field and interconnected with a wireless communication network. Each of these scattered sensor nodes have the talents to collect information, fuse that data and path the data again to the sink/base station. To collect data, each of these sensor nodes makes decision based on its observation of a part of the environment and on partial a-priori information. In existing work, they used fuzzy logic technique for the cluster head selection to increase lifetime of wireless sensor network. But they used fuzzy based technique like distance of base station and residual energy for selection of cluster head and sometimes one or more cluster heads are formed in the grid. This increase the energy consumption of nodes as nodes has to send data from multiple cluster heads. In proposed work, we used fuzzy-c means for the formation of clusters. Initially deployed the cluster head in the centre of every cluster in every grid and then we select another cluster head on the basis of residual energy and distance with base station. This improves the network lifetime and improvement in the energy consumption of each node to communicate efficiently. We used MATLAB for the simulation to show that our proposed work is much better than the existing techniques. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network, Clustering, Fuzzy logic, Membership function.
I. INTRODUCTION Wireless Network is a type of Computer Network that provides communication between a numbers of nodes without having aPhysical Connectivity between these nodes. No nodes are connected through a Physical Medium to communicate with each other. Rather they use wireless mediums such as air / atmosphere to transmit the data from one node to another. Commonly used wireless transmission mediums encompass Microwave Communication, Radio Wave Communication, Satellite Communication, and many others. WSN is a sub magnificence of Wireless Networks which have the same working principle but are slightly clever or better compared to the conventional Wireless Networks. A Wireless Sensor Network includes spatially disbursed sensors referred to as Sensor Nodes that senses and monitors the environmental situations at the side of communicating with the other nodes or sharing the data between a numbers of nodes. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consists of a set of sensor nodes that are deployed in a field and interconnected with a wireless communication network. Each of those scattered sensor nodes have the capabilities to acquire statistics, fuse that data and course the data back to the sink/base station. To collect data, each of these sensor nodes makes decision based on its observation of a part of the environment and on partial a-priori information. As large amount of sensors are deployed in harsher environment, it is vital that the distributed computation need to be robust and fault-tolerant. The identification of event in a wireless sensor network should be done as fast as possible, thus the computations ar...