A survey of ctenid spiders (Araneae, Ctenidae) from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China

Abstract

Amauropelma Raven, Stumkat & Gray, 2001 currently contains 24 species. It is distributed in Australia, India, Indonesia, Laos and Malaysia. This genus has not been found in China. Ctenus Walckenaer, 1805 comprises 213 known species. This genus is distributed worldwide. Currently, only two species, Ctenus lishuqiang Jäger, 2012 and Ctenus yaeyamensis Yoshida, 1998 are known to occur in China. Three new species of ctenid spiders are described from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden in Yunnan Province, China: Amauropelma yunnan sp. nov., Ctenus banna sp. nov. and Ctenus yulin sp. nov. Amauropelma and Ctenus robustus Thorell, 1897 are reported from China for the first time.

Taxonomic notes on eleven species of the subfamily Cteninae (Araneae, Ctenidae) from Asia

“…The posterior median eyes of all Amauropelma spiders from Asia are obviously larger than anterior median eyes, except for cave-dwelling species and Am. yunnan Yao & Li, 2022 ( Jäger 2012 , Miller and Rahmadi 2012 , Chu et al 2022 , Lin et al 2022 ). For the cave-dwelling species, for example, Am.…”

“…In the subfamily Cteninae , Bowie Jäger, 2022 contains 107 species and 14 species groups and exhibits the highest diversity in Asia (101 spp.) ( Chu et al 2022 , Jäger 2022 , Lu et al 2022a , World Spider Catalog 2022 ). Both Amauropelma Raven, Stumkat & Gray, 2001 and Anahita Karsch, 1879 are smaller genera, also belong to the subfamily Cteninae and currently contain 25 and 33 known species, respectively: nine Amauropelma species of which are known from Asia and 17 species of Anahita are known from Asia ( Polotow and Brescovit 2014 , Chu et al 2022 , Lu et al 2022a , World Spider Catalog 2022 ).…”

Four new species of ctenid spiders (Araneae, Ctenidae) from Southeast Asia, with the first description of the female of Sinoctenus zhui Marusik, Zhang & Omelko, 2012

“…Additionally, it resembles B. yulin (Yao and Li, 2022) (see Chu et al 2022 : figs. 6–7) by having similar male retro-proximal protuberance of the cymbium, tegular apophysis (Fig.…”

“…He placed the family in the suborder Citigradae together with the Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 and Oxyopidae Thorell, 1869, from which Ctenidae was separated by having two tarsal claws, scopulae beneath the tarsi and three ocular rows arranged in a 2–4–2 pattern ( Silva-Dávila 2003 ). Ctenidae has a worldwide distribution, but the species richness is highest in the tropical forests of South America and Africa ( Silva-Dávila 2003 , Chu et al 2022 ). Jäger (2012) systematically revised the genera Amauropelma Raven, Stumkat & Gray, 2001, Anahita Karsch, 1879 and Ctenus Walckenaer, 1805 from Southeast Asia.…”

“…and Sinoctenus (1 sp.) ( Li et al 2014 , Chu et al 2022 , Jäger 2022 , World Spider Catalog 2022 ). Although a large number of new spider species have been reported from China in recent years ( Li et al 2021 , Yao et al 2021 , Liu et al 2022 , Lu et al 2022 ), the known species of spiders from China are estimated to account for only 5% of the entire Chinese spider fauna ( Li et al 2021 , Yao and Li 2021 , Hong et al 2022 , Zhu et al 2022 ).…”