A Survey of Dairy Farming in Pennsylvania: Nutrient Management Practices and Implications

Dou, Zhengxia; Galligan, D.T.; Ramberg, C. F.; Meadows, Cheyney; Ferguson, James D.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(01)74555-9

Cited by 69 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Typical dairy operations in the region keep manure in storage for weeks to months prior to field application (6). It is therefore possible that in farm settings where MDR Salmonella serovar Newport infection is present, the organism will survive in manure storage and be applied to agricultural fields and increase the potential for dissemination beyond the farm boundaries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in Manure and Manure-Amended Soils

You¹,

Rankin

Aceto³

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

166

114

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Salmonella enterica serovar Newport has undergone a rapid epidemic spread in dairy cattle. This provides an efficient mechanism for pathogen amplification and dissemination into the environment through manure spreading on agricultural land. The objective of this study was to determine the survival characteristics of Salmonella serovar Newport in manure and manure-amended soils where the pathogen may be amplified. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serovar Newport strain and a drug-susceptible (DS) strain, both bovine isolates, were inoculated into dairy manure that was incubated under constant temperature and moisture conditions alone or after being mixed with sterilized or nonsterilized soil. Salmonella serovar Newport concentrations increased by up to 400% in the first 1 to 3 days following inoculation, and a trend of steady decline followed. With manure treatment, a sharp decline in cell concentration occurred after day 35, possibly due to microbial antagonism. For all treatments, decreases in Salmonella serovar Newport concentrations over time fit a first-order kinetic model. Log reduction time was 14 to 32 days for 1 log 10 , 28 to 64 days for 2 log 10 , and 42 to 96 days for 3 log 10 declines in the organisms' populations from initially inoculated concentrations. Most-probable-number monitoring data indicated that the organisms persisted for 184, 332, and 405 days in manure, manure-amended nonsterilized soil, and manure-amended sterilized soil, respectively. The MDR strain and the DS strain had similar survival patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in Manure and Manure-Amended Soils

You¹,

Rankin

Aceto³

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

166

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, broadcasting manure concentrates nutrients and pathogenic microorganisms at the soil surface, leaving them susceptible to runoff water (Doran and Linn 1979;Coyne et al 1995;Eghball and Gilley 1999;Edwards et al 2000;Dou et al 2001;Zhao et al 2001;Pote et al 2003;Soupir et al 2006). Kleinman and Sharpley (2003) reported that differential erosion of broadcast manure caused significant differences in runoff total P concentrations between different soil types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of Poultry Litter Application Methods on the Longevity of Nutrient and E. coli in Runoff from Tall Fescue Pasture

Sistani

Bolster

Way

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Significant quantities of the broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) litter produced in the USA are being applied to pasture lands. The traditional surface-broadcast application of animal manure onto permanent pasture, however, may lead to high concentration of nutrients and pathogenic microorganisms near the soil surface that could be transported off site by runoff water. Subsurface banding of poultry litter has the potential to reduce nutrient and pathogen losses through runoff. However, this has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we used rainfall simulations to examine the effect of broiler litter application methods on the longevity of nutrient and Escherichia coli losses in runoff by successive runoff events. Runoff plots were constructed on Hartsells fine sandy loam (Typic Hapludults) soil with permanent Kentucky 31 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) pasture in Crossville, AL. Treatments included two methods of litter application (surface broadcast and subsurface banding), commercial fertilizer, and control (no litter or fertilizer applied). To evaluate the longevity of nutrient losses, simulated rainfall (110 mm h −1 ) was applied to each plot on days 1, 7, and 14 following litter and fertilizer applications. Total P (TP), inorganic N, and E. coli concentrations were all significantly greater in runoff from broadcast litter application than the subsurface litter banding treatments. The TP losses from broadcast litter applications averaged 6.5 times those from subsurface litter applications. About 81% of the runoff TP concentration was in the form of dissolved reactive phosphorus for both litter application methods. The average losses of NO 3 -N and total suspended solids from subsurface litter banding plots were 358 g ha −1 and 68 kg ha −1 compared to 462 and 60 kg ha −1 for the broadcast method, respectively. This study shows that subsurface banding of broiler litter into perennial grassland can substantially reduce nutrient and pathogen losses in runoff compared to the traditional surface-broadcast practice.

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“…Sixty-five percent of the farmers surveyed underestimated solid manure application rates; 50% of the farmers surveyed estimated applications rates of less than one-half the actual application rate, suggesting that producers may be applying twice as much material as needed. Although manure applications are considered N-based, Schmidt et al (1996), Sikora (2000), and Dou et al (2001) indicated that few animal producers submit manure samples for analysis, implying that manure application rates are not calculated for many farms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluating a Rapid On-Farm Nutrient Determination Model for Use in Implementing Nutrient Management Plans

Higgins

Coyne

Shearer

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Government regulatory agencies recommend nutrient management plans (NMPs) for animal operations to reduce non-point source pollution. These plans require manure analysis for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), and use indices to determine nutrient availability. This study evaluated a rapid on-farm method to predict TN and TP concentrations of swine slurries. A field investigation based on this rapid assessment procedure was used to evaluate the effect of a NMP on corn yield and soil fertility. Manure grab samples were collected to validate the rapid on-farm model for predicting TN and TP. A corn crop was raised on two phosphorus (P) soil test levels (medium and excessive) using three randomized complete blocks with two replications of three treatments. Rapid on-farm models were accurate ( P ≤ 0.05) for predicting manure TN and TP. The rapid model manure application rate produced grain yields that were significantly higher than inorganic-N fertilization treatments (13,000 kg ha −1 versus 9,000 kg ha −1 ) ( P ≤ 0.05). Potassium chloride extractable soil P and ammonium were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.05) in manure treatments compared with the inorganic-N treatment. Analysis of ear leaf N, P, and K and grain yields demonstrated that the rapid model manure application developed by a NMP met crop requirements.

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A Survey of Dairy Farming in Pennsylvania: Nutrient Management Practices and Implications

Cited by 69 publications

References 13 publications

Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in Manure and Manure-Amended Soils

Survival of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in Manure and Manure-Amended Soils

Influence of Poultry Litter Application Methods on the Longevity of Nutrient and E. coli in Runoff from Tall Fescue Pasture

Evaluating a Rapid On-Farm Nutrient Determination Model for Use in Implementing Nutrient Management Plans

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