A survey of energy efficient strategies for effective air conditioning

Al‐Rabghi, Omar M.; Akyurt, M.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2003.10.004

Cited by 78 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Air to air fixed plate membrane heat exchangers have been widely used in HVAC systems as energy recovery equipment that provided energy savings and improved indoor air quality [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Extensive research have been performed to predict and improve its performance and to study heat and moisture transfer processes occurred across membrane surfaces [4,[10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD simulation of air to air enthalpy heat exchanger: Variable membrane moisture resistance

Al-Waked¹,

Nasif²,

Morrison³

et al. 2015

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD simulation of air to air enthalpy heat exchanger: Variable membrane moisture resistance

Al-Waked¹,

Nasif²,

Morrison³

et al. 2015

Applied Thermal Engineering

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“…Besides, the actual amount of energy consumed by building envelope will depend on many factors known as sub-criteria, such as the design of the building envelope, design of the building, orientation, outside temperature, conservation approaches, glazing system, window areas, light systems, types of equipment and appliance air conditioning and ventilation, level of insulation, and the thermal characteristics of walls and roofs. In view of these facts, the envelope energy consumption is linked to entire building energy consumption [20,34,[38][39][40][41][42]. Moreover, operational energy is also considered an important factor for achieving energy effi ciency in building development [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of sub-criteria in measuring sustainable performance of building envelope development

Mwasha¹,

Williams²,

Iwaro³

2013

Int. J. SDP

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Currently, several building performance assessment methods are in use around the world but these methods fail to incorporate the needed sustainable energy performance indicators and sub-criteria, thus the necessity of current lack of capability to determine the actual sustainable performance of building envelope. Besides, aggregate criteria are extremely complex to create and are often criticized for simplifying the complex issues of sustainability into one performance issue. The aim of this paper is to create more effective sub-criteria that can be assessed under these sustainable energy performance indicators and infl uence the capability of building performance assessment methods. To create these sub-criteria, a comprehensive survey of the construction industry professional was conducted using a questionnaire technique while the data was analyzed using correlation and regression analysis techniques. Suggestions were made on those sub-criteria that should be assessed under the sustainable performance indicator to be incorporated into a sustainable performance model for the buildings' envelope development. Keywords: Building, effi ciency, energy, envelope, environmental, indicator, material, performance, sub-criteria, sustainable. 1 INTRODUCTION Today, great deal of effort is being placed all over the world in achieving sustainable performance in the construction industry. Such efforts can be seen in the area of passive building, building performance assessment and standards [1][2][3]. The objectives of these efforts are to regulate the energy consumption and to ensure building sustainability in extreme climatic condition and sustainable effi ciency design in building. These objectives can only be achieved through assessing the actual sustainable performance of the building and envelope using appropriate building assessment tool [1][2][3]. Moreover, the rapid growth of energy use, worldwide, has already raised concerns over the problem of supply, the exhaustion of energy resources and severe environmental impacts (ozone layer depletion, global warming, climate change etc.) that are affecting the building sustainability [4,5]. Besides, the fact that the integration of indicators in the existing building assessment methods is limited, the residential building envelope sustainable performance was not accounted for in those methods. Therefore, building designers can contribute to solving the energy consumption problem if proper early design decisions are made regarding the sustainable building envelope and integration of sustainable building envelope materials [6][7][8]. As a result, efforts to improve building energy effi ciency should not only concentrate on the design of the air conditioning system but also include the sustainable building envelope [9]. Numerous demands are placed on the building envelope as the energy interface between the ambient conditions and the internal climate needs of users and occupants [10]. Thus the necessity of this study to address the complexity surrounding the determi...

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“…Air conditioners are typical TCLs. The percentage of energy consumed by air conditioners of buildings in a city, like Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, is even over 50% of the total electric energy during the summer [5]. Applying appropriate control to air conditioners will play an important role in energy conservation and power system control [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregate modeling and analysis of air conditioning load using coupled Fokker–Planck equations

Cheng

Zhang

Liu

2018

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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Demand response has gained significant attention recently with the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in power systems. Air conditioning loads are typical thermostatically controlled loads which can play an active role in ancillary services by regulating their aggregated power consumption. The aggregation of air conditioners is essential to the control of air conditioning loads. In this paper, linear state equations are proposed to aggregate air conditioning loads by solving coupled Fokker-Planck equations (CFPEs) using the finite difference method. By analyzing the numerical stability and convergence of the difference scheme, the grid spacings, including temperature step and time step, are properly determined according to the maximal principle. Stationary solutions of the CFPEs are obtained by analytical and numerical methods. Furthermore, a classification method using dimension reduction is proposed to deal with the problem of heterogeneous parameters and interval estimation is applied to describe the stochastic behavior of air conditioning loads. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

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A survey of energy efficient strategies for effective air conditioning

Cited by 78 publications

References 7 publications

CFD simulation of air to air enthalpy heat exchanger: Variable membrane moisture resistance

CFD simulation of air to air enthalpy heat exchanger: Variable membrane moisture resistance

Significance of sub-criteria in measuring sustainable performance of building envelope development

Aggregate modeling and analysis of air conditioning load using coupled Fokker–Planck equations

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