A survey of existing and proposed classical and quantum approaches to the photon mass

Spavieri, G.; Quintero, Jesús M.; Gillies, G. T.; Rodríguez, Miguel

doi:10.1140/epjd/e2011-10508-7

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This mass is also equal to an energy with frequency one per second, ashfp =h × 1 = 1.05 −34 J since this corresponds to a res-mass ofh f c 2 =h ×1 c 2 = 1 8.52×10 50 ≈ 1.17 × 10 −51 kg. This corresponds closely to the suggested photon mass in several studies, see, for example, the review article by [82]. Furthermore, the Planck mass particles are the building blocks of all masses and all energy.…”

Section: The Planck Mass Particle and Its Unique Quantum Frequency Prsupporting

confidence: 84%

Re-thinking the Foundation of Physics and its Relation to Quantum Gravity and Quantum Probabilities: Unification of Gravity and Quantum Mechanics

Haug¹

2020

Preprint

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In this paper we will show that standard physics to a large degree consists of derivatives of a deeper reality. This means standard physics is both overly complex and also incomplete. Modern physics has typically started from working with first understanding the surface of the world, that is typically the macroscopic world, and then forming theories about the atomic and subatomic world. And we did not have much of a choice, as the subatomic world is very hard to observe directly, if not impossible to observe directly at the deepest level. Despite the enormous success of modern physics, it is therefore no big surprise that we at some point have possibly taken a step in the wrong direction. We will claim that one such step came when one thought that the de Broglie wavelength represented a real matter wavelength. We will claim that the Compton wavelength is the real matter wavelength. Based on such a view we will see that many equations in modern physics are only derivatives of much simpler relations. Second, we will claim that in today’s physics one uses two different mass definitions, one mass definition that is complete or at least more complete, embedded in gravity equations without being aware of it, as it is concealed in GM, and the standard, but incomplete, kg mass definition in non-gravitational physics. First, when this is understood, and one uses the more complete mass definition that is embedded in gravity physics, not only in gravity physics, but in all of physics, then one has a chance to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. Our new theory shows that most physical phenomena when observed over a very short timescale are probabilistic for masses smaller than a Planck mass and dominated by determinism at or above Planck mass size. Our findings have many implications. For example, we show that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is rooted in a foundation not valid for rest-mass particles, so the Heisenberg uncertainty principle can say nothing about rest-masses. When re-formulated based on a foundation compatible with a new momentum that is also compatible with rest-masses, we obtain a re-defined Heisenberg principle that seems to become a certainty principle in the special case of a Planck mass particle. Furthermore, we show that the Planck mass particle is linked to gravity and that we can easily detect the Planck scale from gravity observations. The Planck mass particle is unique as it only lasts the Planck time, and in that very short time period it can only be observed directly from itself, and it therefore closely linked to absolute rest.

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Section: The Planck Mass Particle and Its Unique Quantum Frequency Prsupporting

confidence: 84%

Re-thinking the Foundation of Physics and its Relation to Quantum Gravity and Quantum Probabilities: Unification of Gravity and Quantum Mechanics

Haug¹

2020

Preprint

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“…The experimental bounds, that are directly applicable are m γ < {1.2 × 10 −18 eV /c 2 [21], 5.6 × 10 −17 eV /c 2 [22], 1 × 10 −14 eV /c 2 [23], 4.5 × 10 −10 eV /c 2 [24], 1.6 × 10 −4 eV /c 2 [25]}.Thus, three of the applicable experimental limits[23][24][25], combined with the limit(14), leave only a window for the photon mass. However, if one refers only to the more stringent upper limits on m γ[21,22] one finds m γ < {1.2 × 10 −18 eV /c 2 , 5.6 × 10 −17 eV /c 2 } ,…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Closing a Window for Massive Photons

Hojman

Koch

2013

Advances in High Energy Physics

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“…The number (31) and variety of non-Maxwellian electromagnetisms is relevant [79], [125], [126]. Since the 1920s with the works of de Broglie [80] that various attempts have been done, both in classical and quantum domains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Model for a Non-Linear Electromagnetic Model with Self-Interacting Photons

Doria

Helayël²,

Chaichian³

et al. 2015

JAP

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A new electromagnetism is still expected to be developed. Thus, under such a principlewhere nature works as a group, an electromagnetism beyond Maxwell is studied. It considersthat light metric antecedes electric charge for founding the EM phenomena. Based on wholenessprinciple, Lorentz group and gauge invariance this electromagnetism sticked on light is proposed.Then, by electromagnetism it will be understood the physics derived from Lorentz group potentialfields family (for simplicity other fields are not included). New electromagnetic fields,sectors, layers and regimes are developed. It yields a branch with transversal and longitudinalEM fields, granular and collective sectors, I-fields layers and four regimes (photonic, massive,neutral, charged) connected through a global photon. Their relationships are determined by astate equation identified as Global Maxwell equation. It contains new Gauss and Ampere laws,exclusive Faraday law for polarization and magnetization vectors, divergenceless magnetizationvector having fields as sources, self-interacting photons mediated by a dimensionless couplingconstant and other features. It is complemented by a Global Lorentz equation which besidesthe usual Lorentz force add forces depending on mass and on potential fields.

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A survey of existing and proposed classical and quantum approaches to the photon mass

Cited by 36 publications

References 55 publications

Re-thinking the Foundation of Physics and its Relation to Quantum Gravity and Quantum Probabilities: Unification of Gravity and Quantum Mechanics

Re-thinking the Foundation of Physics and its Relation to Quantum Gravity and Quantum Probabilities: Unification of Gravity and Quantum Mechanics

Closing a Window for Massive Photons

A New Model for a Non-Linear Electromagnetic Model with Self-Interacting Photons

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