A survey of iodine content in Laminaria digitata

Gall, Erwan Ar; Küpper, Frithjof C.; Kloareg, Bernard

doi:10.1515/bot.2004.004

Cited by 71 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the absence of ascorbate and glutathione and with up to millimolar levels of ROS present in the apoplast, iodide is indeed a potent antioxidant. Finally, it should be highlighted that an extracellular antioxidant role of iodide in Laminaria fits well with the observed seasonality of iodine levels in this kelp: A recent field survey of European Laminaria populations showed reductions of iodine content of 50% or more during the summer months, when kelp forests are subject to substantial temperature and photooxidative stress (35).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry

Küpper

Carpenter

McFiggans

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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332

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Brown algae of the Laminariales (kelps) are the strongest accumulators of iodine among living organisms. They represent a major pump in the global biogeochemical cycle of iodine and, in particular, the major source of iodocarbons in the coastal atmosphere. Nevertheless, the chemical state and biological significance of accumulated iodine have remained unknown to this date. Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy, we show that the accumulated form is iodide, which readily scavenges a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We propose here that its biological role is that of an inorganic antioxidant, the first to be described in a living system. Upon oxidative stress, iodide is effluxed. On the thallus surface and in the apoplast, iodide detoxifies both aqueous oxidants and ozone, the latter resulting in the release of high levels of molecular iodine and the consequent formation of hygroscopic iodine oxides leading to particles, which are precursors to cloud condensation nuclei. In a complementary set of experiments using a heterologous system, iodide was found to effectively scavenge ROS in human blood cells.algae ͉ Laminaria ͉ x-ray absorption spectroscopy ͉ cathodic stripping square wave voltammetry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry

Küpper

Carpenter

McFiggans

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

332

354

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Variations in content and concentrations of undesirable and toxic compounds are dependent on species (Phaneuf et al 1999), seasons and locations (Ar Gall et al 2004), and in general, levels of toxic compounds are often related to the quality of the surrounding environment of harvested or cultivated seaweeds. However, few studies about negative consequences of consuming seaweeds have been carried out, but among the best documented are effects of high iodine content in some brown algae (Lüning and Mortensen 2015;Desideri et al 2016).…”

Section: Risk Assessment 2-product Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweed aquaculture in Norway: recent industrial developments and future perspectives

2017

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The use of cultivated seaweeds as a feedstock for multiple industrial applications has gained increasing interest in the Western World over the past decades. Norway has an extensive coastline and a well-established aquaculture sector offering suitable preconditions for developing large-scale cultivation of seaweed biomass both in monoculture and in Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) systems. Recent efforts from research, industry and public authorities have been committed to develop a Norwegian bio-economy based on cultivated seaweed, focusing on cultivation and processing of the biomass. This review reports on the status of seaweed aquaculture in Norway, supported by production data collected since the delivery of the first commercial cultivation permits at sea in 2014. Although novel product developments are currently limited, future industrial perspectives based on cultivated biomass are being discussed. Upscaling from experimental cultivation schemes to commercial production requires a thorough assessment of the risks and benefits associated with seaweed aquaculture, as well as the development of a regulative framework adapted to this industry. Issues associated with upscaling the macroalgal production that needs to be addressed includes (i) genetic interactions between cultivated and wild crops, (ii) impacts of seaweed cultivation on surrounding ecosystems, (iii) epiphytes and diseases, (iv) area utilization and (v) threats from climate change. Addressing these issues and adapting production practices will ensure the environmental and economic sustainability of an emerging industry based on cultivated seaweed biomass in Norway.

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“…Preliminary measurements indicate that it contains in the order of 90 mg kg −1 of iodine [16] compared with Laminaria digitata, which contains 2500-12 000 mg kg −1 . [17] In contrast to the iodine content of the kelp, the emission of iodine from Durvillaea potatorum at 18 pmol g −1 (FW) min −1 is consistent with emissions from unstressed or mildly stressed Laminaria digitata, which emitted iodine in the range …”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

Flux chamber study of particle formation from Durvillaea potatorum

et al. 2007

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Environmental context. Kelp at Mace Head, Ireland, produces large quantities of iodine when exposed to sunlight at low tide and this iodine results in the rapid production of particles. Cape Grim, Tasmania, also has large colonies of kelp (Durvillaea potatorum) but its role in particle formation appears limited. A flux chamber was used to better understand the response of Durvillaea potatorum to light stress and ozone.Abstract. Brown kelp, in particular Laminaria digitata at Mace Head, Ireland, has been shown to emit iodine when under stress, resulting in new particle formation. The Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station, Tasmania, is surrounded by rocky reefs that support large colonies of the brown kelp Durvillaea potatorum. During an intensive campaign in February 2006 at Cape Grim, levels of IO, OIO and methyl iodide remained at background levels and no particle formation events could be associated with locally generated precursor iodine species.In order to better understand the limitations of the local kelp to provide a source of precursor species, samples of Durvillaea potatorum were collected from the beach below the Cape Grim Station and tested for their capacity to initiate particle formation using a flux chamber technique. Particles were observed only when the kelp was exposed to both very high levels (>100 ppb) of ozone and natural solar radiation. There was a high correlation between ozone level and particles produced. The particles resulting from exposure to high levels of ozone were aromatic and volatile.Durvillaea potatorum appears to plays a very limited role in contributing to particle formation at Cape Grim, but it does represent a source of atmospheric iodine under photo-oxidative stress, of 18 pmol g −1 (fresh weight) min −1 and is likely to have a significant role in atmospheric chemistry at this site.

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A survey of iodine content in Laminaria digitata

Cited by 71 publications

References 15 publications

Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry

Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry

Seaweed aquaculture in Norway: recent industrial developments and future perspectives

Flux chamber study of particle formation from Durvillaea potatorum

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