A Survey of Knowledge and Practices of Balinese Culture Sleep Hygiene Modification among Health Faculty Students at Hindu Indonesia University

Abstract

Background: Sleep disorders were reported among 15−35% of adolescents and adults’ population. Around 27% of college students potentially experience at least one sleep disorder. Poor sleep quality is one of the negative impacts of sleep disorders. Sleep hygiene or good sleeping habits are essential to get good sleep quality. Balinese culture has its own rules on sleeping habits related to sleep hygiene. Good knowledge and practices of Balinese culture sleep hygiene modification are expected to improve sleep quality. Methods: The study design of this research is cross sectional descriptive observational study using total sampling as the sampling method, which included all Health Faculty students at Hindu Indonesia University who met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected through a survey by distributing offline questionnaires from April to May 2023. The questionnaires used in this research modified Sleep Beliefs Scale (SBS) and Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) questionnaires by adding sleep hygiene perspectives according to Balinese culture and customs. Validity and reliability tests were applied to the questionnaires before the survey (Pearson Correlation shows sig. < 0.05 and reliability analysis showed Cronbach Alpha > 0.60). Data collected in this research were analyzed using crosstab tabulation. Results: Thirty-one students of the Health Faculty at Hindu Indonesia University met the inclusion criteria (20 females and 11 males aged 19 to 57 years). The result of this study regarding the knowledge and practices of Balinese culture sleep hygiene modification shows 16 students (51.6%) had both adequate knowledge and practices, 4 students (12.9%) had adequate knowledge but poor practices, 2 students (6.5%) had poor knowledge but good practices, and 9 students (29%) had both poor knowledge and practices. Conclusion: Most of the Health Faculty students at Hindu Indonesia University had adequate knowledge and practices of Balinese culture sleep hygiene modification. Additionally, several students had adequate knowledge but poor practices and several students had poor knowledge but good practices, which indicates that adequate knowledge about Balinese culture sleep hygiene modification does not guarantee good practices. Keywords: Balinese culture sleep hygiene modification, knowledge, practices